| Summary: | 碩士 === 國立嘉義大學 === 林業研究所 === 91 === Avicennia marina is one of the main mangrove tree species in Taiwan. It belongs to Vervain family（Verbenaceae）, which consists of 98 genera and over 2,600 species. In this family, Avicennia is the only genus adapted to grow in the salty intertidal area. The total area of Taiwan mangrove is around 320 ha, of which 54﹪（173 ha）is A. marina。
A. marina is the most widely distributed mangrove species in Taiwan. It has early mature seeds and seedlings. The hypocotyles can germinate and grow in 3 weeks after the fruit growth, yet the seed dispersal occurs 6 ~ 7 weeks after the fruit growth. So it is called “cryptic vivipary”. The processes of budding and leafing take place all year round, but the shoots and leaves extend better in southern Taiwan than those in northern Taiwan. The blooming seasons of the species are about synchronous, from mid-May to mid-July, In southern Taiwan（N 23°27'' 44.2"- 22°27'' 39.5"）. The fruits ripen from August to September and disperse from August to mid-September. In the northern Taiwan（N 24°54'' 45.7"- 24°54'' 33.0"）, the chronological timing of the species will be delayed for two weeks. The rate of blooming and fruiting in northern Taiwan is rather low compared to that in southern Taiwan.
The flowers of A. marina have both fragrance and nectar. This species is an insect pollinated, with pollination occuring only in the day time, especially in the early morning. The pollination vectors of the species included, Xylotrechus sp. Lycus sp. Apis sp. and common fly（Muscoidea）.
【Key words】 Avicennia marina, mangroves, salty wetland,
hypocotyle, cryptic vivipary,
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