Studies on the Variation of Agronomic Characters of peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) Germplasm and Using Molecular Markers as Assistant Selection Index

• Main Authors: Yu-Chia Hsu, 許育嘉
• Other Authors: Ching-Ping Liu
• Format: Others
• Language: zh-TW
• Published: 2003
• Online Access: http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/78257228010038493079

碩士 === 國立嘉義大學 === 農學研究所 === 91 === The purposes of this study were to investigate the variation of quantitative characters of peanut germplasm and the possibility of using molecular markers as assistant selection criteria. One hundred ninety peanut varieties (lines) were randomly chosen from the National Plant Genetic Resources Center (NPGRC) to investigate eleven agronomic characters and randomly amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD). The results were summarized as follows: 1.According to the analyses of agronomic characters of 190 peanut varieties (lines), no. of seed per pod and shelling percentage had lower CV values. No. of pod per plant, no. of mature pod and no. of seed per plant had higher CV values. On the other hand, wt. of 100-seed and no. of seed per pod had higher heritability, shelling percentage and wt. of seed per plant had lower heritability. 2.Except wt. of seed per plant and blooming day had significant negative correlation, the correlations between wt. of seed per plant and other eight agronomic characters, plant height, no. of branch, no. of pod per plant, wt. of pod per plant, no. of seed per plant, no. of mature pod, wt. of 100-seed and shelling percentage had significant positive correlations. According to the factor analysis, most variations of the populations were included by four factors, and which could explain correlation among agronomic characters. 3.The cluster analysis of average linkage based on 11 agronomic characters was conducted. One hundred and ninety varieties (lines) were divided into A, B and C groups, when the intercept of average was 2.3. The relation between B and C group was closer, whereas the relation of Group A and the other groups, the farest. 4.The average distances of populations were calculated by average linkage. One hundred ninety varieties (lines) could be divided into twenty one groups by UPGMA. One to four lines were then randomly selected from each group. Forty-eight peanut varieties (lines) were selected from these 21 groups. 5.The significant tests of correlation coefficients between 11 agronomic characters and 19 polymorphic markers produced by 7 primers were conducted. Five polymorphic markers had significant correlations with blooming day, no. of branch, wt. of 100-seed and shelling percentage, respectively. 6.The multiple regression analyses of 11 agronomic characters on 19 polymorphic markers were conducted in 40 peanut varieties (lines) randomly. Nine multiple regression equations were obtained, in which the multiple regression coefficient of equation no. of seed per plant was the smallest, and blooming day was the largest. 7.To prove the predictive models, significant tests of differences between predicted and observed agronomic characters of other eight peanut varieties (lines) were conducted. Eight predicted and observed values were found to have significant differences, whereas the rest, none. Accordingly, molecular markers utilized as assistant selection criteria were considered possible.