| Summary: | 碩士 === 國立成功大學 === 建築學系碩博士班 === 91 === The south western coast of Taiwan is the earliest area where the Han people immigrants settled, and the Dutch has also has built up the area a lot. Among these settlements can be seen actual community life, a distinctive natural environment and cultural background gave rise to a unique identity—an identity worth studying and discussing. The topic of this thesis is the settlement space organization of coast settlements in Tainan County’s Bei-men township. The study conducts an overall survey and analysis of these settlements, exploring Bei-men settlement spatial construction, the land division and dwelling facilities.
The research is divided into three large parts. First, the overall settlement space is described based on the biggest influencing factors of location, water, and land transportation systems as well as distribution of settlement-based facilities. Using this as a research base, we can reconstruct the essential scope of the form and historical developments of these settlements, comparing them with present settlements. Second, we can analyze the extent and principles of land zoning based on the evidences of changes, expansions, and divisions over hundreds of years from maps. Moreover, by looking at the relationship between fine street and land divisions with dwellings, we can see the interaction between settlement space, streets, and dwellings. Finally, the basic household unit—dwelling forms, unit space organization, and individual cases—reflects the collectively accepted culture of the inhabitants as well as limitations imposed by the environment. By analyzing the topic from general to particular, and from external to internal, we can have a clear idea of the overall settlement space system.
The study reveals that by the end of the Ching Dynasty, the Beimen settlement space has started to take shape along with road systems linked with the outside. Moreover, the settlement center, Yung Lung Temple, already had a definite position. However, the current form only took shape during the 50-year Japanese Occupation era when transportation lines were strengthened and when industrial and administrative facilities were built. The differences between Jioucheng, Beimen, and Gangbei led to variations in zoning methods. Jioucheng development occurred more recently and changes in road distribution were less, with grid-like land plots abounding. Beimen and Gangbei development, in contrast, occurred gradually and thus roads had to be planned out in the most economical and simplest arrangement. In addition, they had to take into account the limitations in positioning of dwelling places—Northeast by Southwest—and land size. Dwelling types mostly follow ancestral home construction, models, and construction vocabulary to accommodate land restrictions. Variations thus were infrequent. Beimen dwellings were mainly closed-yard types that were replaced by reinforced concrete structures later on. By looking at when the dwellings were constructed, we can compare the historical development of the settlements.
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