| Summary: | 碩士 === 國立政治大學 === 會計研究所 === 91 === Valuation of the firms is a considerable issue for investors, stockholders, and managers. The valuation methods are numerous, the most ideal one is intrinsic value which is calculated on the firm’s related information, such as dividend policy, profitability and growth etc. However, it is difficult to calculate the intrinsic value. The related research always substitute market value (stock price or stock price*outstanding shares) for intrinsic value. Considering the firm scale, this research followed the Ohlson model (1995), and chose the price-to-book ratio (P/B ratio) as the measure of the firm value.
Anyhow, what are the critical factors influencing firm value? Most past researches focused on the relationship between financial information and firm value. Currently, the influence of non-financial information factors begins being emphasized. Yet, it still lacks a set of complete logical structure. “Balanced scorecard”, presented by Kaplan and Norton (1992), provides an integrated enterprise performance evaluation system. This tool logically connects the financial and non-financial factors and divides all the influential factors into four different “scorecards”, including “finance”, “customer”, “internal process” and “learning and growth”, in order to help the organization achieve its strategic objectives. Furthermore, the achievement of strategic objectives is supposed to have positive effect on organizational performance. Therefore, this research explores the influential factors toward firm value, utilizing “balanced scorecard”, and probe which factors can clearly increase the firm value. The research target sample is the information technology industry in Taiwan.
The statistical analysis method in this research is multiple regressions. The research results are as follows. 1. In the finance perspective, “gross profit growth rate” and “return of equity” positively affect the firm value. 2. In the customer perspective, “customer satisfaction rate” positively affects firm value. 3. In internal process perspective, “research and development (R&D) intensity” positively affects the firm value. 4. In learning and growth perspective, “employees productivity” and “employees education level” positively affect the firm value. Hence, this research suggests the information technology industry in Taiwan can aim at the concluded factors to increase its firm value.
Key words：firm value, price-to-book ratio, balanced scorecard
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