中文短文閱讀中的詞劣效果之探討

• Main Author: 翁永傑
• Other Authors: 陳振宇
• Format: Others
• Language: zh-TW
• Published: 2003
• Online Access: http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/58048703324312869860

碩士 === 國立中正大學 === 心理學研究所 === 91 === With English as the reading material, Healy（1976）discovered that the word inferiority effect in the English literary works and we are also curious whether the same phenomenon will occur in the reading progress of the logographic characters（Chinese）whose phonetic system is absolutely different？ By using the Chinese literary works as the reading material, this current article adopts the detecting operation of words and the comprehension test to lay out four series of experiments. In experiment 1, the lexical（word and non-word）,target word position（prefix or suffix）are used in twenty volumes of literary works and the participants are requested to choose the target character under normal reading speed and then they received the comprehension test. From the experiment result, we discover the significant word inferiority effect. Since, the non-word condition in the experiment 1 has caused damage to the sentence structure, the kind of effect may also be the effect that is generated by the sentence. In the experiment 2, we change the writings where the target word/non-word in the same twenty volumes of literary works appear, and the experiment result shows that the word inferiority effect still exists but its influenced degree is reduced. This shows that sentence factor may have influenced the word inferiority effect, but from the sentence’s meaning questionnaire of the participants, we discover that the word and non-word condition in sentence level is not completely similar and it is not easy to compare the developing influenced of lexical factor in the word inferiority. In experiment 3, the composed word except the target word/non-word of the sentence where the target word/non-word of the same twenty volumes of literary works exists, is randomly relocated. And after being tested with word segmentation program, we are sure that the target word is the only two-word term in the sentence, which means it completely destroys the sentence meaning, and as the result, the word inferiority effect is still found, which shows the tough function of the lexical factor has on word inferiority effect. To further discussing the background factor causing the word inferiority effect, in the experiment 4, we randomly scramble the order of each character except the target word/non-word that preserved in the experiment 1 of the same twenty volumes of literary works entirely, and as the result, we discover that the word inferiority effect disappears and the comprehension degree of the writings reduces evidently and it even have the tendency to word superiority effect. It displays that the lexical factor may be the ostensible factor of word inferiority effect, while its internal factor may be coming from the effect of high-level meaning administration. In the end, this current study discusses the possible explanation of the impact of attention factor on the word inferiority effect under the situation that differs from this study, and observes the relationship between the word showing frequency of target word in each experiment and the chosen rate of its target character. The result shows that target character chosen rate of high showing frequency word is lower than the target character chosen rate of low showing frequency word. It looks as if the lexical factor is still an indispensable factor for the word inferiority effect. And may be, it is necessary but not sufficient.