A study on waterproofing for tunnels

• Main Author: 許文貴
• Other Authors: 施邦築
• Format: Others
• Language: en_US
• Published: 2002
• Online Access: http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/44972816335519639532

碩士 === 國立臺北科技大學 === 土木與防災技術研究所 === 90 === Leakage in tunnels can not only shorten the life of lining concrete, but also cause malfunctioning of the equipments and deteriorating of the environment inside. In cold areas, it can also create freezing roads or even formation of icicles, which increases the risk levels of driving and leads to traffic accidents. Therefore, leakage in tunnels has become a major problem in maintenance and management of tunnels. Leak free tunnels have long been a goal for engineers in designing, building, and maintaining tunnels. Traditionally, tunnels are built using steel rod and reinforcement plate method. Since it is very hard to make tunnels leak free by these methods, measures have to be taken after tunnels are built to fix this problem. However, these measures tend to be temporary and they usually fail after a few years. The progress of NATM (New Australia Tunneling Method) in recent years makes completely leak free tunnels possible. When NATM is applied, a waterproof film is inserted between shot concrete and lining concrete. This film can form a reliable waterproof layer and effectively prevent leakage. European is the pioneer in this field and has more than 20years of experiences. Japanese started to try this method about 10 years ago. Many related materials and methods are being developed in local market, and however, is lacking its related studies. This study is focused on the selection and application of the waterproof film using experimental methods to provide the material specifications and operation procedures of the application. For the structure of the waterproof film, 0.4mm thick composite epoxy backing by sediment of fiber cushion is most commonly used. However, this may not be the best choice judging from the differences in European, American, and Japanese standards. Therefore, this study is based on NATM tunnel waterproof technology to discuss about selecting the structure of the waterproof film and the problems in the tunnel construction. Material, construction and management standards for waterproof tunnels are defined. Important items in the tunnel design and construction are also provided. In addition to that, this study also includes closely related issues such as anti-cracking measures for lining concrete and drainage construction.