| Summary: | 碩士 === 國立臺灣師範大學 === 生物研究所 === 90 === The genus Ranunculus (Ranunculaceae) in Taiwan is taxonomically revised based on morphological, palynological, cytotaxonomic, phytogeographical, and ecological studies. Thirteen species of the genus, including a new record (Ranunculus chinensis Bunge) are recognized. This treatment differs from the Flora of Taiwan, 2nd ed. in the following: R. silerifolius Lév. which was previously reduced to R. sieboldii Miq., are now treated as distinct. Ranunculus morii Ohwi and R. taiwanensis Liu & Lu are treated as a synonym of R. taizanensis Yamamoto.
Morphology of aggregated fruit and achenes are valuable characters for the classification within the genus in Taiwan. Besides, branching types, vesture, morphology of leaves and petals, and nectary types also provide useful information. Pollen morphology can be devided into two types: tricolpate and polycolpate. Pollen size and exine sculpture show little interspecific difference. Observation of the meiotic chromosome numbers of 10 Taiwanese species reveals some variation among species. The chromosome numbers of R. cheirophyllus Hayata (n=16), R. formosa-montanus Ohwi (n=8), R. nankotaizanus Ohwi (n=8), R. sieboldii Miquel (n=16), and R. taisanensis Hayata (n=8) are determined for the first time. Six endemic species distribute in altitude above 2000 m, seven non-endemic species distribute below 2000 m. Some species , such as R. nankotaizanus Ohwi and R. taizanensis Yamamoto have very narrow range of distribution.
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