| Summary: | 碩士 === 國立臺灣師範大學 === 化學研究所 === 90 === Generally, textbooks are the basis of teachers’ teaching and students’ learning in a classroom. Therefore, the contents of textbooks have great effects on students’ learning. At present, however, most textbooks are compiled with the opinions of experts, but rarely from the viewpoints of students’ learning. This causes some problems in students’ learning, such as too many contents and bad connections among conceptions. In Taiwan, lacking of detailed descriptions on instruction strategies, conceptual procedures and students’ learning activity, has impaired the functions of teacher’s guide, which causes the inefficiency on teaching and learning.
The purpose of this research is thus to submit an instruction proposal which conform to students’ cognitive developments, taking the chapter〝Chemical change and atoms, molecules〞as a topic.Some improvements are made to increase the fluency on the conceptual procedures, and also on the teaching strategies of current teachers’ guides. The proposal has presented to some experienced high school teachers and received positive appraisement from them. The instructional proposal is also placed in my website, for communication and distribution purposes.
The results of this research are concluded as follows.
1.The teaching plan：A well designed teaching material must include many important elements. First of all, the curriculum standards should be followed. Secondly, the common experience to subject matters will help students much more easily get familiar to the topic of the studying activity. Subsequently, to set up some study levels according to the cognitive developments and to lead the students’ learning step by step, can help the students clear their learning obstructs more smoothly. Furthermore, making some descriptions on experiments, and bringing up students’ own operation skills should also be an important part in science study. Besides, the teaching proposal must offer appropriate teaching strategies and teaching procedures, in order to efficiently transform the contents of the textbooks into a teaching activity.
2.The teaching methods：Teachers should lead students’ study by asking questions to induce their motivation on learning, and link the teaching materials to the former experiences of students as possible as they can. Students thus become able to conclude the concepts those are described by the teaching materials in the last stage of the learning topic. Subsequently, teachers can transform the results concluded by students to some proper keywords or science rules.
3.The presentation on web pages: The connections among web pages must be fluent. And, in order to harmonize the entire printed page, the designers are suggested to use some pictures appropriately to match up the learning contents.
|
|---|
