The distribution and reproduction of halichondria okadai

• Main Authors: I-Fu Chung, 鍾逸甫
• Other Authors: Li-Lian Liu
• Format: Others
• Language: zh-TW
• Published: 2002
• Online Access: http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/20271326438646716740

碩士 === 國立中山大學 === 海洋生物研究所 === 90 === Abstract The distribution and reproductive cycle of the sponge Halichondria okadai were investigated at Peng-Hu from June, 2000 to February, 2002. The sponge population was mostly distributed in the midlittoral zone. The size of sponges increased or decreased in the range of 33.3% ~ -16.7%. The substrata were mainly composed by grains with sizes of 0.12~0.84 mm. The sponge is gonochorism. Early stage oocytes were found in March. Mature eggs and embryos were observed from April to September, with a peak period from June to August. The reproductive season extends from March through September which is correlated to annual changes of water temperature. The size of embryos ranged from 260 to 450μm and the density was up to 1331 per (0.5 cm)3 in May. To our knowledge, the embryo density is the highest one in the sponge group. Juveniles settled in the back side of rocks. When the juveniles moved to the rock surface, the color changed from white to black.