| Summary: | 碩士 === 國立屏東科技大學 === 森林系 === 90 === The main purpose of establishing Natural Resource Protection Area is to preserve existing complex gene pool for a longer period of time. In Protection Areas species composition of all living resources has been closely associated with the change of ecological environment system. From the viewpoint of landscape ecology the main objective of this study has been set to investigate and review characteristic of landscape structure of the Protection Areas to evaluate the impact of environmental disturbances. A total of 2 Wildlife Protection and 15 Habitat Reservation Areas located in Taiwan Province has been selected for this study. The landscape structure index was calculated based on the third forest inventory land-use type map to evaluate the degree of environmental disturbances. Then, the 17 Protection Areas were sorted into three different disturbance categories by severity of the disturbances. As to assess disturbances due to border and road, GIS spatial analysis method was used to identified its frame or zone so that the percentage of artificial land use within the frame or zone represented the disturbance index. The results of the investigation, among all 17 Protection Areas the Li-Jia Area received the least disturbance on wild life habitat environment while Ta-shan Area received the highest disturbances. Within a protection area, there was a strong association between species composition change and ecological environmental system change. In order to study correlation between disturbance severity and multiplicity of species, past plant and animal resources survey records of the Protection Area were analyzed. The result showed that the 2nd category of receiving medium disturbance areas had highest multiplicity of species. It is followed by the 1st category of receiving the least disturbance areas and finally the 3rd category of receiving the highest disturbance area had least multiplicity of species. Correlation examinations found that plant species diversity had correlated to size of protection area, high elevation variation, complexity of topography and shape index. While mammal species diversity had correlated to size of protection area, high elevation variation, complexity of topography, shape index and landscape diversity index. As to the species diversity of amphibious and reptile animals was found to associated with the shape index. In general, the large size of protection area, higher elevation variation, more complex topography, more land use types and many drainage in an pretection area, the multiplicity of natural resources is much richer.
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