| Summary: | 碩士 === 國立中興大學 === 植物病理學系 === 90 === Aphelenchoides fragariae (Ritzema Bos,1891) Christie, 1932, was reported to be the pathogenic nematode of fern nematode disease, but never found in Taiwan. In 2000, fern nematode-like disease was first found in fern gardens at Chia-yi. Tissue isolation and primary identification indicated the fern disease was caused by foliar nematode --- Aphelenchoides spp. The nematode reproduced well on Alternaria citri. The range of the nematode growth temperature was 8-32 ℃. The optimal temperature of the nematode population development was 20-28 ℃, and the reproductive ability were low both below 4 ℃ and above 36 ℃. The number of nematodes which could penetrate successfully and survive in leaves were much less than been inoculated (4.8-6.4%). Even so, it showed that few nematodes could cause serious disease. Fallen fern leaves in soil would help nematodes survive for three months. The identification by scanning electronic microscope confirming that the nematode caused fern disease in Taiwan is A. besseyi. The body dimension of three population of foliar nematode in this study had no difference, though A. besseyi isolated from strawberry couldn’t infect fern successfully. The nematode which caused fern disease would infect rice, strawberry, African violet and bailey too, but couldn’t infected lily and begonia. The results of chemical control showed that nematode survived rate was reduced to 10% by application of advisable dilution of Oxamyl、Abamectin and Mocap (1000、2000、200 times) respectively, Phenamiphos had no effect. Since A. besseyi had never been reported to cause fern disease in Taiwan, it was supposed that might be the sign of adaption during the nematode evolution process.
|
|---|
