| Summary: | 碩士 === 高雄醫學大學 === 口腔衛生科學研究所碩士在職專班 === 90 === A Survey for the Adults in Tai An, Miao Li
About the Relationship Between Areca/betel Chewing,Cigarette Smoking,Alcohol Drinking
and Impaired Liver Functions
Abstract
The purpose of this survey is to investigate the prevalences of areca/betel quid chewing, smoking, drinking and hepatitis B virus, hepatitis C virus (positive) of the adults living in Tai An (泰安鄉) , and to study the relationship between areca (betel nuts), cigarettes, alcoholic drinks, hepatitis B virus, hepatitis C virus and impaired liver functions. This survey was conducted during the year of 2001. Sufficient data was collected through home investigations and blood samples to study the liver functions of the residents in Tai An. This study practiced a sampling design called stratified multi-stage cluster sampling. Its probability is based on the PPS design ( probability proportional to size ). This design was used specifically upon the 4280 adult residents (aged 18 or more) within Tai An. Classified by different areas, genders and ages, 208 samples were taken, consisting mostly of the real population in Tai An. These samples gave useful information, such as their behavior of areca/betel quid chewing, smoking, drinking, and the health conditions and liver functions of the residents. The study used GOT>40U/L and GPT>40U/L as indexes of impaired liver functions.
In the end of the survey, 252 copies of questionnaires were received ( 208 blood samples). The data was keyed into the program MS Access, and organized by SAS software, and the statistical analysis was conducted by JMP.
This study shows that the prevalences of areca/betel quid chewing, smoking and drinking are 26.60%, 51.22%, and 24.14%. They are directly connected with different genders, ages, degrees of education and careers. Males, from ages 35 to 49 , receiving only junior high school education, and without technique or a steady career possess the highest occurrence. The acquisition rates of hepatitis B virus and hepatitis C virus infection are 21.6% and 20.9%. They are greatly related with ages, smoking behavior, and the length of drinking.
Concerning impaired liver functions: the respective prevalence of GOT (+), GPT (+), [GOT or GPT (+) ] is 49.8%, 49.1%, and 54.9%. Areca/betel quid chewing, the frequency and the length of it
are not directly connected with impaired liver functions. The resident’s gender, the frequency of smoking, and drinking are greatly related with [GOT or GPT (+) ]. After studying the relative importance of areca/betel quid chewing, smoking, drinking combination behavior and the acquisition of hepatitis B virus and hepatitis C virus infection to the presence of impaired liver functions, we find that the odds ratio of [GOT or GPT (+) ] on males is 2.10 times higher than that on females. The odds ratio of impaired liver functions for hepatitis B virus carrier and for hepatitis C virus carrier are 7.69 times and 16.16 times higher than those who are not infected, respectively. The odds ratio for those who smoke and drink is
2.94 times higher than those who do not chew areca /betel quid, smoke or drink. Other permutations and combinations show no direct relationship.
Keyword：areca/betel chewing, cigarette smoking,alcohol drinking,
Impaired Liver Functions
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