| Summary: | 碩士 === 淡江大學 === 東南亞研究所 === 89 === The thesis intends to explore the Islamic ideology and policies of two leading Malaysia Moslem Party, UMNO and PAS . The research will deal with the institutional and social development of the country in order to trace the development of Islamic ideology in the Malaysia Politics. That is, to figure out the core value of the Islamisation concept of the Parties by identifying its differences and the process of conflict between the two parties, as well as the suitability and feasibility of its Policies.
The methodology of the research will adopt Historical-Structural Approach to explore the concept of Islamic Law─Shariah , Islamic Polity and Islamisation and uses the type of polity, national legal system, national social and economic policies, district enforced law and order as the four sphere of survey.
The Islamic revival aims to re-introducing authentic Islamic teachings in modern life by using the Ijtihad(personal reasoning)principle to interpret the Islam in order to abandon the backwardness norm or harmful habit of the Muslim society.. However, according to some scholars like John L. Esposito, the ideology of twentieth century Islamic revival movement can be divided to Islamic modernism and the Islamic Reformism. The former is most likely more negotiable and utilitarian for the facing challenges and tend to have a widely range for Ijtihad. As a result, it provide a moderate way for Islamisation. While the later is insist to restore all the tradition of the Prophet and prefer to a relatively radical way for Islamisation. In Malaysia, the ideology of UMNO and PAS represent the two different Islamisation concept. Respectively. No doubt the raising of global Islamic revival movement have inspired UMNO and PAS for further Islamise as well as sharpen the degree of conflict between both side.
Based on the different perspective in Islamisation, there have a obvious conflict and differences between both side, UMNO’s view of Islamisation is tend to restricted within a Malay description in which Islam become a practical utility of the party to achieve Malay nationalist’s ideal, rather than becoming the party ideology. As a result, UMNO maintain a Malay ethnicity political regime consistently and avoid the Islamic idea of racial equality. Furthermore, the widespread of “New Malay theory” result in a highly integration between practical Islam and Capitalism. On the other hand, PAS identifies itself as a preaching group rather than a political party. It proclaims Islamic justice and democracy while preaching the Islamic belief to various races, and also prefer to establish a Islamic polity where all the Islamic law should be totally enforce. In short, it provides a more aggressive and radical Islamic policy than UMNO does.
Therefore, this research conclude that the confrontation of Islamic ideology and policies in between UMNO and PAS appears in three dimension, namely the conflict in between Nationalism and Islam, the conflict of the degree of implementing the Shariah where the UMNO tend to restrict the law as muslim personal law while PAS consider it as a solely sources of all regulation, and the conflict of different stances in the way of Ijtihad: The UMNO views that most of the contents of the Shariah can be altered from time to time as a process of adaptation, whereas the PAS believe in the transcendence of the divine law that exist in the Quran and Sunnah, and rejects any changes of it.
In addition, the conflict between Islam and Nationalism is seem to be a main dilemma of UMNO Islamisation process. It comes from the party’s ideology itself. On the other hand, because of the Fundamentalist ideology, to implement Islamic policies is a obstacle to the PAS’s version of Islamisation . It likely occur from it way of practice rather than its ideology. In conclusion, The ideals of Islamisation could be reach as long as the UMNO abandon the de-democratize and Malaynise policies of Islamisation. For the PAS, to re-adjust its radical Islamic view is the most practical way for materializing an ideal Islamic society.
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