| Summary: | 碩士 === 淡江大學 === 大陸研究所 === 89 === The patriotism of Mainland China in the 90s is different from the class struggle in Mao Tse-tung era and internationalism that it carries on the pursuit for economic reform and country modernization by Tang Hsiao-ping. The concept of anti-peace transformation, anti-capital class liberalization is also continued till now under the consideration of political power retention. It combines the important factors of humiliation of sovereignty evasion on Chinese people since the opium war, the expectation on a unified China and the advocacy of political power of communist party. In addition, following different historical period, there had been different adjustments on its contents. After the Tiananmen Square incident in 1989 and collapse of communist party in east Russia, Mainland China is even alert on the crisis of its ideology. As a result patriotism stands out more prominently and in the 90s it has further became the main ideology of Mainland Chinese. Not only patriotism is the single direction promotion and strategy for the government, it is also the common trend of thought of contemporary knowledge circle in Mainland China.
In the 90s Sino-American relationship also encounters a major adjustment. difference in ideology between two countries, competitions in economics and trade and contradiction in Taiwan problem causing fluctuations in the Sino-American relationship. As a result, consciousness of Chinese people elevates and that allows Mainland China to motivate the patriotism further.
In response to accusation on its human rights and sanction, China always responds that its sovereignty cannot be interfered. This kind of opposition phenomenon between sovereignty/people and human rights/democracy, following the point of view of 「Unique situation of China」broadly praised by Mainland China has became the obvious characteristics of contemporary patriotism of China.
However, USA is also a provider of technology and capital and Sino-American relationship is the guiding post for Mainland China to move towards modernization and internationalization. However, solution of Taiwan problem is the highest objective and bottom limit of patriotism in Mainland China, but in its practical operation, it is being placed in one of the ranks of Sino-American relationships that it should not be elevated as a major contradiction. This kind of operation also shows that in international strategy, although Mainland China has a certain degree of patriotism factor, yet it has the trend of moving towards pragmatism.
However, Mainland China is also facing with progress of democratic reforms in Taiwan and development of Taiwan consciousness formed by the appeal for localization. Mainland China adopts culture and blood relationship as the appeal for unification and sovereignty and racial emotion are the basis for not abandoning attacks by military force. This kind of emotional appeal is the core of patriotism and therefore in a short period it is difficult to have an even more creative contemplation and action.
Patriotism of Mainland China cannot solve its social problems and in the course of globalization, the country will face with such impact. Sino-American relationship still maintains a very strong interaction and effects on psychology and mood of patriotism. Strategically Taiwan should not ignore the existence of this factor and the natural choice for benefiting itself and for defending against their patriotism is to solidify its democratic and economic development and to speed up internationalization.
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