| Summary: | 碩士 === 國立臺灣大學 === 職業醫學與工業衛生研究所 === 89 === Increased level of specific pollutant has been found to be responsible for the increased neonatal and postneonatal mortality. Since both preterm delivery (PTD) and low birth weight (LBW) are significant predictors of infant mortality and childhood mortality.
We attempted to investigate whether maternal exposure to air pollution during pregnancy associated with these adverse birth outcomes in Taiwan. The study population consisted of 34,481 infants born to mothers who resided within a radius of 700 m to the air monitoring stations (n=50) in 1995-97. Daytime and daily maternal exposures to sulfur dioxide (SO2), particulate matter≦10 μm (PM10), carbon monoxide (CO), nitrogen oxides (NOx), and ozone (O3) in the first month and initial two months of pregnancy, the last month and last two months of pregnancy, during each trimester and gestation period were estimated as well. Multiple logistic regression was used to estimate odds ratios (ORs) and their 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for PTD and LBW.
The results showed significant exposure-response relationships between PTD and maternal daily SO2 exposure in the last month of pregnancy or daytime O3 exposure in the 1st month of pregnancy. The adjusted odds ratios at extra high exposure level were 1.26 (CI=1.05-1.53) and 1.21 (CI=1.01-1.45) respectively. A decreased risk of PTD was observed for maternal daytime exposure to middle and extra high level of CO. Maternal daily SO2 exposure in the last month of pregnancy and daytime O3 exposure during whole gestation period also had an exposure-response relationship with LBW. The adjusted odds ratios of maternal O3 exposure high and extra high levels during whole gestation were 1.20 (CI=1.01-1.43) and 1.29 (CI=1.04-1.61), respectively. The gestational age adjusted risk of LBW remained significant for daytime O3 exposure during whole gestation. The adjusted Odds ratios in middle and high level were 1.29 (CI=1.06-1.56) and 1.29 (CI=1.06-1.57).
In conclusion, this study suggested that the increased exposure to SO2 and O3 might contribute to the excess risk of PTD and LBW. But the associations with other unmeasured risk factors deserve further exploration.
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