Survey of Copper, Zinc, Cadmium and Lead contents in drinking water, ration, feces and raw milk of Dairy Cow and Goat in Taiwan

• Main Authors: Wen-Yuan Tien, 田文遠
• Other Authors: Yang-Kwang Fan, Ph. D.
• Format: Others
• Language: zh-TW
• Published: 2001
• Online Access: http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/53543449969880338969

碩士 === 國立中興大學 === 畜產學系 === 89 === Summary The objectives of this study were to investigate the contents of heavy metals in milk and feces produced by dairy cows and goats in Taiwan, and to provide a basic data to dairy farmers and the Government for establishing the national standards of heavy metals in feeds and milk of the animals In survey I, samples of drinking water, concentrates, roughages, blood serum, raw milk and feces were collected from 59 dairy goat-farms located in TY, CH, NT, YL, CY, TN, KS, and PT, the main counties of dairy goat farming. After dissolved in nitric acid, the contents of Cu and Zn in the samples were analyzed with Flame Atomization of Polarized Zeeman Atomic Absorption Spectrometer (FAA), and the contents of Cd and Pb with Graphite Furnace Atomization of Polarized Zeeman Atomic Absorption Spectrometer (GFAA). The concentrations of Cu, Zn, Cd and Pb in the drinking water for dairy goats were 4.58µg/mL, 0.02µg/mL, 0.01ng/mL and 0.46ng/mL, respectivelyw。The contents of Cu, Zn, Cd and Pb in concentrates were 22.1µg/g, 128µg/g, 4,409ng/g and 3,563ng/g, respectively.The contents of Cu, Zn, Cd and Pb in mixed roughages including alfalfa, pangola and napier were 11.1µg/g, 67.2µg/g, 864ng/g and 11,251ng/g, respectively. The contents of Cu, Zn, Cd and Pb in blood serum were 0.34µg/mL, 0.83µg/mL, 1.59ng/mL and 17.4ng/mL, respectively. The contents of Cu, Zn, Cd and Pb in bulk milk from each of dairy-goat farms were 0.09µg/mL, 4.67µg/mL, non-detectable, and 120ng/mL, respectively.The cause(s) of high Pb in the raw milk should be concerned and be sorted out. The contents of Cu, Zn, Cd and Pb in feces were 43.6µg/g, 450µg/g, 7,576ng/g and 4,540ng/g, respectively. The concentrations of Cu in blood serum and the contents of Cu, Zn and Cd in drinking water were significantly higher for the farms, which were (≦50 m)close to a road with 25-meter in width or wider. The positive correlations between Zn contents in roughages and in blood serum, between Cd contents in concentrates and in feces, and between Cd contents in drinking water and in blood serum were significant. In survey II, samples of drinking water, concentrates, roughages, raw milk and feces were collected from 76 dairy cow-farms located in TY, ML,CH, YL, CY, TN, KS, and PT, the main counties of dairy cow farming. After dissolved in nitric acid, the contents of Cu and Zn in the samples were analyzed with FAA, and the contents of Cd and Pb with GFAA. The concentrations of Cu, Zn, Cd and Pb in drinking water for dairy cows were 2.59µg/mL, 0.02µg/mL, non-detectable, and non-detectable, respectively. The contents of Cu, Zn, Cd and Pb in concentrates were 20.2µg/g, 120µg/g, 11,539ng/g and 4,205ng/g, respectively. The contents of Cu, Zn, Cd and Pb in mixed roughages including alfalfa, pangola and napier were 2.1µg/g, 129µg/g, non-detectable and 9,586ng/g, respectively. The contents of Cu, Zn, Cd and Pb in bulk milk collected from each of the dairy-cow farm were 0.07µg/mL, 4.66µg/mL, non-detectable, and 115ng/mL, respectively.The contents of Cu, Zn, Cd and Pb in feces were 18.9µg/g, 292µg/g, 5,885ng/g and 3,154ng/g, respectively. The cause(s) of high Pb in the raw milk should be concerned and be sorted out. Five brands of marketing city milk were sampled and analyzed and their contents of Cu and Zn were 0.38µg/mL (0.01-1.75µg/mL), and 13.6µg/mL (12.4-15.7µg/mL), respective. The contents of Cd and Pb in the samples of the city milk were non-detectable. Only the contents of Cu or Zn in drinking water were significantly less for the farms, which were close (≦50 m) to a road with 25-meter in width or wider. There was a significantly negative correlation between the concentrations of Cd in drinking water and in raw milk. The positive correlations between the contents of Cd in drinking water and in feces, and between the contents of Cu and Zn in concentrates and those in feces were significant. was very significantly positive. A very significant positive correlation existed between the contents of Cd in roughages and in feces.