| Summary: | 博士 === 國防大學中正理工學院 === 國防科學研究所 === 89 === In the past, the industry batch reactors had been criticized for they kept causing many catastrophes in the process of production, storage, and transportation. Among these many factors that cause disasters, the most important one was that we couldn’t have a complete comprehension of thermodynamic and engineering kinetic properties in the reaction system. In this dissertation, we investigate the runaway and stable criteria by analyzing and calculating both the energy and mass balance equations in a batch reaction system. Consequently, any potential hazard in a batch reaction system can be evaluated and prevented effectively.
The criteria of thermal runaway reaction in a reactor can be determined from the relationships of the temperature rising rate, the chemical consumption rate of reactants, and the heat removed rate by the ambient cooling medium in the whole reaction system. In the investigation, we apply and modify the Semenov thermal explosion theory to study the runaway and stable criteria in a batch reaction system. First of all, the critical runaway temperatures and stability criteria of batch reaction system either with chemical consumption or without chemical consumption are analyzed and evaluated. Then the reactions of cumene hydroperoxide decomposition, RDX production, toluene mononitration, and hydroperoxide decomposition are analyzed. The values of thermodynamic and reaction kinetic properties in various reactions are used to evaluate the runaway criteria by the derived equations. Their relationships between the critical modified Semenov number ( ) and the dimensionless ambient cooling temperature ( ) in reaction system are correlated by means of curve fitting technique. Consequently, their critical runaway temperatures and stability criteria can be appropriately determined from our evaluated equations. This study has a lot of contributions to the reactant production, energetic material transportation, storage process, and reactor design.
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