| Summary: | 碩士 === 淡江大學 === 化學工程學系 === 88 === In recent years, the transportation of hazardous materials has been a great concern of both the proper authorities and the general public in Taiwan. Transport accidents occur during the transport and storage of hazardous hydrocarbons. Frequently such accidents result in fires, explosions, and toxic releases. Fire is more likely than explosion where there is a loss of containment of a flammable material. In addition to fires and explosions, the loss of containment of toxic chemicals from a tank may give rise to a large toxic gas cloud or may pollute water supplies.
Three types of chemical tank trucks pertaining to thermal risk assessment were studied in this thesis, namely, (1) gasoline (2) methanol, and (3) ethylene oxide. Gasoline tank truck is dual-compartment, and oval-shaped. We developed computer models to simulate the thermal response of the gasoline tank trunk exposed to solar heating for extended periods of time as well as the computations of accidental discharge mass and efflux time. Methanol tank truck is single-compartment, and oval-shaped. We developed computer models to simulate the thermal response of the methanol tank trunk exposed to solar heating for extended periods of time as well as pool-fire exposure. Ethylene oxide tank truck is insulated, and round-shaped. We presented an inherently safe concept in designing an ethylene oxide tank truck. And then, we developed computer models to simulate the thermal response of the ethylene oxide tank trunk exposed to solar heating for extended periods of time as well as external fire exposure. Additionally, safety aspects, including static-electricity control, relief valve design and standard operating procedure (SOP) on loading, were discussed.
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