| Summary: | 碩士 === 東海大學 === 生物學系 === 88 === The wing morphology of bats is related to flying speed and habitat utilization. The purpose of this research was to study the relationships between wing morphology and flying speed of Taiwan''s insectivorous bats. In this study, by measuring the morphological characters to estimate wing loading and aspect ratio and to track 18 species of bat flights in the laboratory by videorecorder to calculate initial and free flying speed.
The values of aspect ratio and wing loading were related to initial speed (r2=0.27, P<0.05; r2=0.85, P<0.01, respectively). When wing loading greater than 11N/m2, the mean value of free flying speeds will great than 5m/s. Of the 18 species of bats whose flying speed have been measured in this study: the free-tail bat, Tadarida sp. is the fastest one (7.06 m/s) and the slowest is the Formosan tailless leaf-nose bat, Coelops frithi formonsanus (2.98 m/s). Based on principle component analysis on 15 factors of bat wing morphology, and showed seven different wing forms in a digram of first and second principal components of wing morphology (identified as measures of wing loading and aspect ratio).
By analysis wing loading and aspect ratio, the 22 species of bats showed four types of flight pattern. Bats will display faster flying speed when wing loading, and aspect ratio are large, as in free-tail bat, Formosan leaf-nose bat, Hipposideros terasensis; Bats will display migration when wing loading is smalll and aspect ratio is large, such as Japanese long-winged bat, Miniopterus schreibersii. From field observations, these fast flying species also appeared in open spaces. Bats have small wing loading and aspect ratio, will display slower flying speed, such as the Formosan lesser horseshoe bat, Rhinolophus monoceros, and Formosan tailless leaf-nose bat, Coelops frithi formonsanus will fly in cluttered habitats such as forests. Bats will display faster flying speed in cluttered habitats when wing loading is large and aspect ratio is small, such as Rhinolophus formosae.
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