The development of floral parts and microsporoenesis of Passiflora foetida L. var. hispida (DC. ex Triana & Planch.) Killip ex Gleason

• Main Authors: Shiang-jiuun Chen, 陳香君
• Other Authors: Su-Hwa Tsai Chiang
• Format: Others
• Language: zh-TW
• Published: 2000
• Online Access: http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/33141614948533711613

博士 === 國立臺灣大學 === 植物學研究所 === 88 === Abstract The development of floral parts and microsporogenesis of Passiflora foetida var. hispida Killip with the external morphogenesis and the ultrastructural changes were studies by optical microscope, scanning and transmission electron microscopy. Before the floral bud primordia arising from leaf axil of vegetative shoot, the transformation of floral bud meristem appears on the vegetative shoot apex. The bud complex is composed of a tendril primordium, one or two floral bud primordia and an accessory bud. The differentiation of the tendril primordium is earlier than the floral bud primordium. The three bract primordia derived form the most outer layer of floral bud meristem. The sequential initiations of floral organs are according to the acropetal direction form sepal, petal, androecium and gynoecium. The bract and sepal primordia emerge from floral meristem in spiral arrangement; the other floral organs primordia initiate simultaneously and arrange whorled type. After the initiation of stamen primordia, the anther wall layers are differentiated from the primary parietal layer by periclinal and anticlinal division. During the development of anther, the ultrastructural changes of the anther wall layers are related closely to microsporogenesis. The more detailed of observation has been made in the present study. The tapetum supplies the nutrition, callase, sporopollenin, and pollenkitt to the microspore. In this study, the microsporogenesis is divided to 18 stages:(1) early sporogenous cell stage; (2) middle sporogenous cell stage; (3) late sporogenous cell stage; (4) early pollen mother cell stage; (5) late pollen mother cell stage; (6) meiotic stage; (7) early tetrad microspore stage; (8) middle tetrad microspore stage; (9) late tetrad microspore stage; (10) early free microspore stage; (11) middle free microspore stage; (12) late free microspore stage; (13) early vacuolate mi crospore stage; (14) late vacuolate microspore stage; (15) early bicelled pollen stage; (16) late bicelled pollen stage; (17) starch pollen stage；(18) anthesis. The exine initiation is deposited between the callosic wall and tetrad microspore surface. The microspore plasma membrane forms invagination then the deposition of protectum appears above the plasma membrane. The primexine matrix is fibrillar structure. During the late tetrad microspore stage The sporopollenin begin to substitute for primexine layer, then callosic wall degenerate in order to release the microspore. The tri-porate pollen with the reticulate exine sculpture. The complete exine stratification has tectum, baculum, foot layer, endexine and intine. After the microspore undergo mitosis to form bicelled stage. Before anthesis, starch grains accumulate in pollen grains. The mature pollen grains with binuclei are dispersed to stigma. P. foetida var. hispida Killip was introduced from central southern America to Taiwan. After naturalization, the plant populations often distribute in the south of this island. The bloomy season is almost half year from April to October. P. foetida var. hispida Killip is a famous climbing plant by its tendril. The flower and pollen morphology of P. foetida var. hispida is similar to P. edulis Sims. in Taiwan. In this study, a rather detailed information during the metamorphogenesis of the floral parts and the development of the anther are reported.