| Summary: | 碩士 === 國立成功大學 === 建築學系 === 88 === In Taiwan, sixty percentage of the historical architecture are belonging to wooden structure. Restricted by the factors of the influence of human being, nature and the others, the ideal life circle of wooden structure is much shorter than the rest of structure made of the other materials. The gap of their life circle is about sixty years. In order to keep these architecture alive, in- depth maintenance needs to be carried out periodically.
The restoration of the historical wooden architecture is based on the concept of the preservation. Because lacking of the related document of the construction in its history, it is usually frustrating to try to understand the logistics of the type of construction precisely. The incorrect approach of the knowledge sometimes will cause unpredictably damage to the buildings. Therefore, understanding the construction system of the historical wooded structure will be the main focus of the report.
The subject can be divided into five categories by the importance of the analysis and its vocabulery. They are Frames, Roof, Member, Joint and Groove and Tongue.
Frames:
The wooded frames can be divided to four types: Vertical, Horizontal, Diagonal and Radiational. The vertical type is made of Mountain, Single-Sloped and Flat systems. It is the center element of all the structure. Every framing structure is made of different angle of rotation of the vertical structural elements. The principle of making the zones is using the frames to fill the gap of any difference in the zones. There are three different kinds of methods for making zones by framing. They are Column-Beam Framing, Girder support framing and Two Dimensional Framing. Their functions are girder supporting, pulling and rotation. The composition of the Column-Beam Framing could be symmetrical and asymmetrical and can be categorized into Container, Cross Join, Raising Short Column and combination of the three kinds.
Roof:
The construction of the roof can be divided into three systems. They are Bottom Support system, Forming system and Girder system. Ordinary roof framing system can be made of the combination of Bottom layer system and Top layer system, or the combination of bottom layer, mid layer and top layer.
Member:
Wooded structural members can be separated to Main members and secondary members by judging the force of their load. They also can be separated to vertical member and horizontal member determined by the transition of force of their load.
Joint:
The meaning of the joint in the wooded framing is join, reinforce, balance, surround, raise, hoist, connection, assembly, cantilever and etc. The assembly of Tongue and Groove is the major part of the subject. It can be divided to four different kinds- Horizontal, Vertical, Sliding and Parallel assembly.
Groove and Tongue:
The groove joints of the wooded framing can be divided to Tail, Strait, Groove, Double head, Crossing Join and Cross Tongue. All of above can also be divided into two very important categories- rigid connection and Soft connection. Almost every historical wooded structure, in Taiwan, consists these two kinds of connections; they usually co-exist in the structure.
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