| Summary: | 碩士 === 高雄醫學大學 === 行為科學研究所 === 88 === This project aimed to explore leisure cognition, involvement and experiences among Taiwanese university students. Qualitative methods were used to probe leisure cognition and experiences, whereas quantitative analyses were conducted to reveal relationships among personality traits, leisure involvement, leisure satisfaction and happiness.
In the qualitative study, transcripts of 26 group discussions (3~8 students in a group) provided analysis materials. In addition, snowballing and convenience sampling methods resulted 2 focus groups (4~5 students in a group), and 4 individual interviews. Analysis was conducted using grounded theory and content analysis techniques. The grounded theory technique revealed six categories of leisure motivation: relaxation, enjoying life, self-growth, filling the time, social interaction, and health promotion. Leisure definition was found to encompass four elements: functions of leisure itself, individual autonomy, the interplay between leisure and work, leisure being part of life. There were five types of leisure activities: static in-door, physical, non-physical out-door, social, and hobbies. Six factors may facilitate or deter leisure involvement: activity itself, bio-psychological, time, interpersonal, economic, and facilities. Seven kinds of outcomes were likely after involvement: relaxation, enjoying life, self-growth, filling the time, social interaction, health promotion, and possible negative effects. Content analysis revealed that relaxation was the most often mentioned leisure motivation as well as the most often reported leisure effect. Function was the most often mentioned definitional element. The most important leisure facilitators seemed to be bio-psychological, activity itself, and interpersonal factors. The most important leisure obstacles was also the bio-psychological factor, however, activity itself and interpersonal factors were the least important.
The quantitative study surveyed 423 students from north to south. Correlation analyses revealed that extraversion positively correlated with leisure involvement, leisure satisfaction, and happiness. Neuroticism negatively correlated with leisure satisfaction and happiness. Leisure involvement positively correlated with leisure satisfaction and happiness. Leisure satisfaction positively correlated with happiness. Hierarchical regression analyses revealed that the number of group participation and extraversion predicted leisure involvement. Satisfaction with academic work, extraversion, and neuroticism predicted leisure satisfaction. Finally, satisfaction with academic work, extraversion, neuroticism and leisure satisfaction predicted happiness.
The definition of leisure, leisure involvement and effects, individual differences such as effects of gender and academic majors on leisure selection were discussed.
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