| Summary: | 碩士 === 國立陽明大學 === 社區護理研究所 === 87 === The method of this study is intervention-evaluational research, which was studied on elders of "Ta-Tung community" in Patau of Taipei city. The major purpose was to provide a designed intervention activity of "social services" to community elders. Then compared the different status of psycho-social well-being of community elders both before and after the intervention. Twenty-eight subjects were evenly divided into both experimental and control groups. Individualized "social services" interventions and activities were designed base on an assessment for each individual case. And records were kept for the entire process.
The study was proceeded in three stages:
Stage 1: To design the content of intervention. According to the results of the requirements for "social services" from questionnaires, the content of intervention activities was designed. Stage 2: To execute the intervention. Totally it took twelve weeks to implement the intervention from March 7 to May 29, 1999. Stage 3:To evaluate changes of psycho-social well-being after interventions were implemented, questionnaires were administrated to both experimental and control groups. The changes of their psycho-social well-being were recorded. During study period, two subjects in experimental group were lost, which made the actually total case number was twenty-six.
The important conclusions were induced as followed:
1. Males elders were more than females. The average age was 74.36, the main distribution of age was 65-74. Most of subjects reported their educational level was below primary school. Less than thirty percent of subjects were married. More are Buddhists. More than half subjects had no job. The major economic sources were social living subsidy and veterans living allowance. More than seventy percent of subjects were living alone, less than thirty percent of subjects had not participated parties. Most than ninety percent considered their living spending was "enough", seventy percent of subjects showed economic satisfaction status as "enough" and "satisfaction".
2. Average there were three kinds of chronic disease for each subject. However, experimental groups suffered more diseases than control groups. The major chronic diseases were: arthritis, cataract, hart disease and hypertention.
3. The severity of subjects'' physical symptoms was "a bit", while experimental subjects were more serious than control subjects.
4. Level of mental health was "well" and status of life satisfaction was "satisfaction" for all subjects. Both level of mental health and status of life satisfaction were poorer for experimental groups.
5. Individual basis information of subjects contained: religious, job, living spending, economic situation. Whether subjects had traditional religions, jobs, enough life spending, economic satisfaction, these factors had related to "social services" participation.
6. Average number of chronic diseases which subjects suffered had not related to "social services" participation.
7. The order of severity of physical symptoms which subjects suffered had related to "social services" participation.
8. The level of mental health and status of life satisfaction of subjects had related to "social services" participation.
9. The effectiveness of "social services'' intervention on psycho-social well-being were as fallowed:
(1) In the content of mental health: "felling hopeless in life" had tended to significantly improve.
(2) Life satisfaction has tended to become better.
(3) After implemented "social services" intervention, mental health and life satisfaction status had changed both in experimental and control groups. But only statistically significant difference in mental health was showed.
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