Effect of Water Bath on Growth Performance,Blood Traits and Health of Pigs.

• Main Authors: King-Fenq Lin, 林金鳳
• Other Authors: Jenn-Chung Hsu, Ph.D.
• Format: Others
• Language: zh-TW
• Published: 1999
• Online Access: http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/60905698106348208043

碩士 === 國立中興大學 === 畜產學系 === 87 === The purpose of this experiment was to investigate the effect of water baths on growth performance, blood traits and health of pigs during cool and hot seasons. The experimentalⅠ(cool season) was conducted from Dec. 30, 1997 to Mar. 5, 1998. Total of eighty pigs were randomly divided into two groups with four replicates according to parity, body weight and sex. One group received water bath and the other group did not. Ten pigs in each replicate received feed and water ad. libitum. The treated group (with water bath) was bathed with reused effluent from a three-step pig wastewater system, the effluent was changed once a week. Pigs were raised from 59.72kg to 100kg of body weight during this trial. Blood samples were collected for the diagnosis of virulent antibodies related to porcine reproductive, respiratory syndrome system and salmonella. Total plate count in the effluent was also tested before and after the experiment. Blood samples were collected from neck vein of pigs and were tested for the concentration of glucose, thyroxine, sodium, potassium and chlorine. Backfat thickness and loin-eye area of the pigs were also determined at the end of the experiment. The experimental Ⅱ(hot season) was carried out from June 2, 1988 to Sept. 22, 1988. The experimental items were as same those in experiment Ⅰexcept an underground water bath was used and the initial body weight of the pigs was 38.18kg. The results from experiment Ⅰ(cool season) indicated that the average daily feed intake, daily gain and backfat thickness of pigs treated with water bath increased 0.31kg (11.7%, P<0.06), 0.06kg (7.3%,P<0.05) 0.12cm (P<0.05) more than the control group. However, feed conversion ratio and loin-eye area showed not significant differences between the two treatment groups (P>0.05). The results from experimentⅡalso showed that the average daily feed intake and daily gain of pigs treated with water bath increased 0.25kg (12.1%, P<0.05) and 0.06kg (8.8%, P<0.05.), over the control group but backfat thickness, feed conversion ratio and loin-eye area showed not significant differences (P>0.05). Comparison between cool and hot seasons for body weight raised from 60kg to 100kg was made. The results of treated group (water bath group) showed that average daily feed intake and daily gain of pigs increased 0.33kg (13.3%, P<0.01) and 0.06kg (7.6%, P<0.01) more than the control group. The control group in cool season increased 3.2kg (13.8%, P<0.05) and 0.07kg (9.3%, P<0.05) more than the same group in the hot season. The treated group in cool season increased 0.29kg (10.9%, P>0.05) and 0.08kg (9.9%, P<0.05) more than the same group in hot season. However, about the average daily feed intake of treated group in hot season increased 0.03kg (3%) over more than the same group in cool season. The daily gain of pigs in cool season group increased 0.01kg (0.5%) over more than the same group in hot season. The average daily feed intake and daily gain of pigs in hot season group (water bath) were similar to those in cool season (control). Each backfat thickness, feed conversion ratio, loin-eye area and seasons showed not significant difference, and there were no interaction between the seasons and treatments. Blood compositions showed not significant difference between cool season and hot season groups (P>0.05), There were no interaction, but the concentrations of glucose, thyroxine, sodium, potassium, chlorine, either in cool season or hot season related water-bath groups were higher than the control groups. The concentration of glucose and thyroxine in cool season was significantly higher than those in hot season. Sodium, potassium, chlorine in hot season were significantly higher than those in cool season. There were an increased phenomenon in total plate count tested from the water after water bath, This did not affect the health of these pigs. PRRS virulent antibodies and salmonella were not promoted through reused effluent for the water bath. Infection and death were correllated in one respect between the treatment groups. Two pigs were removed into another pen and not fed continually in this experiment because these pigs were not easily treated due to trauma and abscess in experimentⅡ(water bath), Two heads of pigs were also removed into another pen because tail of trauma from being bitten by other pigs. Three head of pigs died during the whole experiment from each treatments. These deaths were not related to PRRS and the water bath which were conducted in isolation.