| Summary: | 碩士 === 中原大學 === 心理學系 === 87 === It is now widely accepted that anxious individuals are characterized by a pattern of information processing selectivity which favors the encoding of threatening information. However, the precise mechanisms underlying this selective attention bias, or whether the bias is a function of trait or state anxiety, are unclear Martin, Williams, and Clark(1991) put forward the "emotionality hypothesis" which indicates that anxious individuals have selective attention bias on both negative and positive information types. The present study was to examine the effects of shyness trait, emotion state, and information type on selective attention.
The procedures of this study consisted of two stages. First, both the appropriate target stimuli and the method of situation manipulation were selected. Second, 52 and 50 subjects with high and low shyness trait were screened out from a sample of 239 by using the Shyness Inventory. Then the subjects were randomly assigned to either of the high or low anxiety situation during experiment, in which the emotional stroop task was administered. This is a mixed 2(high or low shyness trait ) ×2(high or low anxiety state) ×3(positive ,negative, or neutral information types) experiment -al design.
The results of this study are : First, the color identifying time of the high shyness trait group was longer than the low shyness trait group, and they also showed selective information processing on both positive and negative information types. Second, there was no significant effect of emotion state on selective attention. Third, the "emotionality hypothesis" was partially supported. Implication of this study are also discussed.
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