The study of Soviet Federalism

• Main Authors: Min, Yi, 閔懿
• Other Authors: Michael V. Kryukov
• Format: Others
• Language: zh-TW
• Published: 1997
• Online Access: http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/11795738998754414934

碩士 === 淡江大學 === 俄羅斯研究所 === 86 === The end of cold war made the nationalist movements arise in the Soviet Union.The national contradictions accumulated for a long time erupted suddenlyresulting in the breakup of the USSR in 1991.Nevertheless,the influence ofSoviet Federalism has not been ended off yet.On the contrary,th]oday''s relationships among the Russia Federation and CIS,the subjects of federalismbased on the consideration of nation is still the key point of future stabilityand democratization in this area.Therefore the purpose of this thesis is tryingto explore the essence of Soviet Federalism,and assess Soviet Federalism by using historical approach and the method of vomparative federalism.At the same time,according to interpreting Soviet Federalism,it may provide not only experiences for the integration of a multiethnic state, but also a referencemodel for the project of the Chinese federation recently.The dissertation constains seven chapters, Besides the first chapter and the last one are an introduction and conclusion,I categorize the other text intofive chapters-- from The chapter Two to chapter Six.First,from the second chapter to the fourth chapter focuses on the origin,development, and demise of Soviet Federalism.It indicates that the nature of Soviet Federalism is the national policy to settle up the national problems in Russia under Lenin''s doctrine.However the soviet federal structure is no more than an expeditious measure to communize the non-Russia nationalities.Second,It examines Soviet Federalism by the indexes of the wesntern federalism in the fifth chapter.It demonstrates that even the soviet constitution is also not a "real" federation,but an unitary state.In fact,the western viewpoint can not meaningfully explainthe emergence and maintenance of Soviet Federalism.That''s because Soviet Federalism was based on different ideological precepts.Namely,the CPSU areallowed to control everything.Third, in the sixth chapter,It scrutinizes the feature and shortcomings of Soviet Federalism.The feature of Soviet Federalsimis as follow:(1)The way of the formation is from "top" to "below".(2)A greatamount and varieties of the constituent unit.(3)Along both ethno-federal and territorial-federal line.(4)Symmetrical federalism.(5)Vertical federalism.(6)The political systems of the constituent unit are copied from the center.(7)Socialist ideology.The defects of Soviet Federalism are as follow:(1) Theabsence of political culture about federal spirit in Russia.(2)The superiorityof the RSFSR.(3)The irrelevant divisive standard of the constituent unit.(4)The deviation of the national policy in the Soviet Union.(5)The mistakes of thesocialist theory in terms of federalism.