General Xiong, Ting-Bi and His Project to Develop the Liaodon

• Main Authors: Yu, Jung-Jung, 喻蓉蓉
• Other Authors: Wang Chia-Chien
• Format: Others
• Language: zh-TW
• Published: 1997
• Online Access: http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/43648675064178054817

博士 === 中國文化大學 === 史學研究所 === 86 === AbstractSince the mid-term of the years of Wan Li under the sovereignty of the emperor Shen-Zong of the Ming dynasty, the situation of the province of Liaodong has been worsening; the rise of the Manchu leader Nurhachuhas been a hidden cause of the departure of Manchu from the Mingdynasty, leading to the continuous wars between Manchu and the Ming dynasty and eventually the downfall of the Ming dynasty. Thecommander-in- chief, Li, Cheng-Ling and the governor, Zhao-Ji, of theLiaodong province had together given up the six castles of Kuan Dianand ceded the territory of eight-hundred miles to Nurhachu. The Mingdynasty sent an official extraordinary Xiong, Ting Bi, who was then animperial censor in Zhe-Jiang province, to investigate the lost territory ofthe Liaodong province as an inspector- general. When Xiong, Ting-Biassumed his office outside the Shanhai Pass, he actively set the corruptand negligent officials to order, never compromised with the vicious powerof warlord, Li, Chen-Liang, in Liaodong province. After finishing hismission of investigation of the lost territory arduously, Xiong, Ting-Bi hasput forward his foresight of "defensive instead of offensive war" and "heavy guard against the enemy attacks ", the guided principles to developthe Liaodong province. The contents of Xiong*s project of developing the Liaodong province, being complete and far-sighted, wereincompatable so far as the Ming dynasty is concerned. Especially, Xiongunderstood quite well the way to acquire necessary materials locally to facilitate the military defense. He planted the locally grown elmseverywhere in the trench around the city, internetted as a natural chasmfor defense. This project would account for the integrity of the territoryof Liaodong province for one hundred years. Xiong, Ting-Bi held hisoffice as an inspector-general in Liaodong province for two years andseven months and the history of Ming dynasty has quoted as praising himas that he has stopped bribery; verified military necessities; impeachedofficials of their crimes; eliminated appeasement; hence boosted the militarydiscipline. He has really lived in the hearts of the people.