Effects of Sex,Feeding Regimes and Force-fed Duration on Fatty Liver Production of Mule ducks

• Main Authors: Chung, Chang Wei, 張忠偉
• Other Authors: Huo-Cheng Peh
• Format: Others
• Language: zh-TW
• Published: 1998
• Online Access: http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/26948271636526125713

碩士 === 國立中興大學 === 畜牧學系 === 86 === The purpose of this study was cnducted to investigate the effects of sex,feeding regimes and force-fed duration on fatty liver production and constituents of blood in mule ducks. The study was divided into three trials. One hundred and twenty mule ducks (60 male and 60 female) of 10 weeks old were bought from a commercial duck farm. Ducks were weighed individually and allotted to cage(30 male and 30 female) and floor-pen (30 male and 30 female)groups in trial one and two. Flowing the adaptive period, ducks of cage and floor-pen groupswere divided into control (5 male and 5 female) and force feeding (25 male and 25 female) group respectively. The feoce-fed duration was three weeks.During the experimental period, body weight were recorded and blood samples were collected weekly. At the end of experiment, ducks were scarificed and theliver, breast muscle and abdominal fat samples were collected. The volume of trial one was less than those in trial two. In trial three, forty- eight femalemule ducks of 10 weeks old were bought from a commercial duck farm. After twoweeks of adaptive period, ducks were divided into control (15 ducks) and forcefeeding (33 ducks) groups. Ducks of trial three were kept under floor-pen and the force-fed duration was two weeks. Some ducks were sacrificed at 6, 10, 14days after force feeding and the liver were collected. The results of trial one indicated that the mortality of ducks in cage groupwere higher than those in floor-pen group, while the mortality of female ducks were higher than those in drakes of force feeding groups. The liver weight of female ducks at floor-pen group were significant heavier than those in drakes at floor-pen group (277g vs. 214g). Feed conversion rate of force feeding drakesat floor-pen group were significant lower than those in drakes at cage group and female ducks at floor-pen group (0.028 vs.0.037,0.039). The weight of abdominal fat in force feeding drakes at floor-pen group were significant heavier thanthose in drakes at cage group and female ducks at floor-pen group. In addition,the body weight gain of force feeding ducks at the 2nd week were higher than the other weeks, and the body weight gain between different sex at floor-pen group and between drakes at cage and floor-pen group were no significnat different.The results of trial two indicated that the mortality of force feeding female ducks at cage group were higher than those of other groups. The average liverweight and feed conversion rate of force feeding female ducks at cage and floor- pen group were significant higher than those of force feeding drakes (383g vs.347g and 254g vs. 285g, 0.043 vs. 0.036 and 0.026 vs. 0.028). The abdominal fatweight of force feeding drakes at cage and floor-pen group were significant heavier than those of force feeding female ducks. The body weight gain of forcefeeding drakes at cage and floor-pen group were heavier than those of force feeding female ducks, and the body weight gain at the 2nd week in force feeding female ducks in floor-pen group and drakes at cage and floor-pen group were significant higher than those of the other weeks. While force feeding duration changed from three weeks to two weeks, the average liver weight were no significant difference. The ratio of liver weight above 300g in force feeding for two weeksgroup was lower than those in three weeks group, but the body weight gain, feedefficiency and feed conversion rate in force feeding for two weeks group were better than those in three weeks group. Besides, the mortality in force feeding for two weeks groups were higher than those in three weeks group. Serum total lipid, triglyceride and cholesterol concentrations of force feeding groups in trial one and two were significant higher than those in controlgroups, and the concentrations of serum total lipid, triglyceride and cholesterol in force feeding groups increased with prolonged treatment duration. The concentrationsof serum total lipid, triglyceride and cholesterol of female ducks at floor-pengroup and drakes at cage group were significant higher than those in drakes atfloor-pen group during the 2nd and 3rd week in the trial one. In trial two, the concentrations of serum total lopid, triglyceride and cholesterol of force feedingfemale ducks at floor-pen and cage groups were significant higher than those of drakes after the first week of treatment. Serum tatal protein concentrationsof force feeding groups in the trial one and two significant increased at first week,but decreased thereafter. Changes of serum potassium and chloride concentrationswere more evident than those in the sodium, ionized calcium and pH. The concentrationsof serum potassium in force feeding groups were higher than those in the control groups, while the concentrations of chloride in force feeding groups were lowerthan those in the control groups. The results of serum protein electrophoresis in trial one and two showed that changes of α2-globulin ratio were more evidentthan those in the other constituents and it increased with prolonged treatmentduration. In trial one and two, the concentrations of liver total lipid and triglyceridein force feeding groups were significant higher than those in control groups, while the liver total lipid and triglyceride concentrations of female ducks in force feeding groups were significnat higher than those in drakes. Furthermore,the concentrations of liver protein in force feeding groups were significnatlower than those in control groups, while the liver protein concentrations of female ducks in force feeding groups were significant lower than those in drakes.