| Summary: | 碩士 === 淡江大學 === 拉丁美洲研究所 === 85 === Although Latin American countries became independent and
started theircapitalism economics in the early nineteen
centries, the whole Latin Americaneconomy stumbled during the
world economic crisis in the 1970''s. This mayattribute tto the
defect of their economic policies and the substantialdeclining
in the commodity prices. As the ratio of foreign debts and
exportdeteriorated, the Latin American economy experienced the
negative economicgrowth that they never had. The continuing
inflows of foreign loans no longerexist, but the governments did
not cut spending or increase revenueaccordingly. The inflation
rate went sky high. Facing the build up of foreigndebts and the
high inflation, Latin American countries were forced to
reformtheir economics and adpot an liberal and open free-market
economic policy.Among the economic reforms of the Latin American
countries, the stabilityand effectiveness of Chile''s economy was
exceptional. This success mayattribute to the adoption of the
"Chicago School" economic policies by theChilean officials.
Chile''s economic growth started to show positive afterChile
adopted free-market consistently higher than 5% since 1985 and
was ashigh as 10.4% in 1992. This high growth not only was the
highest amongLatin American countries but also set the Chile''s
record in 27 years. Chileclaimed herself as the most open
economics in foreign trade among allAmerican countries. In
order to spread out her international trade market,Chile
emphasized her role as a Pacific basin country. In December
1994,Chile became the 18th member of the APEC. Furthermore,
Chile''s economicperformance also attracted the eyesight of
members of NAFTA (USA, Canada,Mexico) and was currently under
negotiation to be the next member. At thesame time, Chile is
expanding her trade relation with MERCOSUR and EuropeanUnion.
In view of Chile''s role in international economics.
Someeconomists predicted that Chile will enter the club of
developed countriesearlier than any other Latin American
countries. As the potential and the ambition exhibited by
Chile''s economics can notbe ignored, this thesis aims to
analyzed the impacts of the changes in Chile''spolitical systems
on her economic development. The thesis first examines theorigin
and the process of Chile''s liberal free-market economic policies
andtheir impact on Chile''s domestic economics, and then analyzed
Chile''s inter-national trade policies and her intention with
major economics and regionaleconomic organization in the world.
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