| Summary: | 碩士 === 東海大學 === 環境科學系 === 85 === Our nation has been actively seeking to become a member of
World Trade Organization. It is believed that a full membership
will cause large changes in trade pattern and, for the
enhancement of competition, speed up the restructuring of
industry and improvement in production efficiency. This study
estimates the environmental impacts of a WTO membership in two
parts. First, there are environmental impacts caused by the
changes in import/export. Sectorial import/export changes are
based on the estimate by other researchers. These data
multiplied by the emission factors and energyand water
requirement per unit production are the estimate of the
environmental impacts. Rice import is assumed to followed a
preset schedule in percent, a Japanese copy. The membership is
assumed to be effective in the year of 2001. The second
part of the environmental impacts is caused by the enhancement
of production efficiency that is needed for our domestic
industry to be competitive. Production efficiency is measured
by the industrial energy bintensity. It is assumed that our
industry will rapidly improve efficiency closing one-half gap
of energy intensity between Japan and our nation. The study
estimates the nation''s environment will be better-off by an
amount equal to NT$110 billion if we join in the WTO. About 75%
of this amount is in the improvement of air quality. Because of
relative low production efficiency observed in our industry,
bulk of the environmental improvement is realized by efficiency
enhancement. Thus, the large effect of WTO membership is to
equalize the technology world-wide in general and force our
domestic industry towards more efficient in particular.
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