| Summary: | 碩士 === 國立臺灣大學 === 政治學系研究所 === 85 === The policy science movement was based on H.D.Lasswell''s article "The Policy
Orientation". The study of public policy became independent from the field of
political science and public administration, and sought its own locus and
focus. This thesis investigates the policymaking process from a
marco perspective.
I suggest that we should analyse policy process from a holistic perspective
and integrate the steps of problem identification, policy design,
policy implementation and policy evaluation. We should also pay
attention to the
interdependence and interaction of each policy step. First, I will discuss the
relationship of public issues with the attributes and elements of problem
construction, major actors and disaster events. I am concerned primarily with
how public issues are transformed into policy issues and become targets of
government actions. Second, I will analyse multi-rationality and basic elements
of policy design. Then I will discern the policy position and political
participation of targets from the perspective of social construction of target
populations. Next, I will suggest some strategies for developing better
interactive situations. Third, policy tools are an important means to achieve
policy objectives. I will analyse the behavioral assumptions of
policy tools and
examine some factors which affect the choice of policy tools. Then I will
provide some criteria for comparing the feasiblity of policy tools. Finally,
I suggest that the choice of policy implementation pattern should be designed
according to the context of policy operation and that it should use different
standards to assess different policies. Policy outcomes will be explained in
various ways according to the perspective of interpretation. Similarly,
different actors will be accountable in different ways.
In general, if we utilize a holistic and open perspective to identify,
consider, define, analyse and resolve problems, we can reshape the ability
of government, rebulid its confidence and authority, improve its efficiency
and raise state competitiveness.
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