| Summary: | 碩士 === 國立交通大學 === 交通運輸研究所 === 85 === The effective analysis and treatment of stress is an
important aspect of human resource management if we adopt a
"bottom up" approach. City bus drivers suffer higher health
risks, striking levels of absenteeism and medical disability
that may be related to occupational stress. Job stress not only
causes the illness with health but also causes low quality of
service in mass transit or to their customers. However, stress
is a rather vague and complex concept, the empirical studies
have generally lacked a detailed practical inventory. Develop
an appropriate job stress inventory for measures of job stress
among bus drivers has become a critical issue. After
reviewing related literature and interviews with the managers
and drivers, we formulated a conceptual framework of job stress
of bus drivers, including 9 stressors( the length of working
hour, physical and psychological tolerance, peers''
relationships, relationships with top level, company''s system,
interaction between families and works, career and achievement,
salary and merit pay), 7 responses or results of stress ( job
satisfaction, physical health, mental health, absenteeism, case
records, work merit, work accidents ), and 10 moderators ( sex,
age, working seniority, level of education, marital status, type
A/B personality, local of control, events of life, stress
management of drivers and company ). The data of questionary
survey from 624 drivers was conducted to test the relationships
of those variables. After the analysis of the reliability and
validity of the questionnaire, the results are as follows:1.The
serious parts of stressors ( such as shortage of rest, serious
pollution of noise and air, traffic congestion, lower base pay
) cause job unsatisfaction, poor condition of body and mentality
( such as unsatisfaction with solving conflict, vacations,
welfare, illness of abdominal region, frequent urinating, weary,
negative concentration etc.).2.The difference causes by
moderating variables. The drivers belong to type A personality,
internal control tendency, below 30 years old, working exceeding
20 years, over-qualified educational employment, or Chi-Du
terminal have serious job stress. 3.The 16 covariance models of
the effect of stressors and moderators on responses or results
stress are be formulated.4.The higher probability of serious
stress are caused by serious stressors, type A personality or
internal control tendency. We find out that there are too
many demands in occupational environment of bus drivers such as
heavy volume from work; but there are too little supportive and
encouraging resources. The demands and resources become a
serious unbalance status , therefore cause their job stress. In
stress management, there are few demands can be reduced, so we
can only add more helpful resources to provide an overall stress
management for government organization, bus company, head of
many terminals, and drivers. We expect not only can it decrease
the unbalance situation, but to increase a better and satisfying
job environment.
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