Evaluation of cytotoxicity, mutagenicity and antimutagenicity of nine non-traditionally edible plants

• Main Authors: peng, Hui-Hsuan, 彭惠鉉
• Other Authors: Gow-Chin Yen
• Format: Others
• Language: zh-TW
• Published: 1997
• Online Access: http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/35828413540347641141

碩士 === 國立中興大學 === 食品科學系 === 85 === The Ames test was used to evaluate the toxic, mutagenic, and antimutagenic effects from edible parts of nine non- traditionally edible plants, including Crassocephalum creidioides S. Moore (Cra), Sechium americanum Poir (Sec), Portulaca oleracea L. (Por), Boussingaultia gracilis Miers var. (Bou), Corchorus capsularis L. (Cor), Centella asiatica L. Urban (Cen), Solanum nigrum L. (Sol), Basella rubra L. (Bas), and Anisogonium esculentum Presl (Ani). Comet assay was further used to evaluate the genotoxic effect of the plant extract with cytotoxic effect. Only green fruit of Sol in the absence of S9 mix showed toxicity to TA100 and Chinese hamster ovary cell (CHO) with dose-dependence. For TA100, viability were 75, 36 and 42% corresponding to the dose of 1, 3 and 5 mg/plate of green fruit of Sol, respectively; For CHO cell, cell viability was 93.7, 91.1, 91.3, 90.1, 82.8, 39.5, 5.4 and 0.9% respect to the dose of 0, 20, 40, 80, 100, 200, 300 and 400 mg/ml, respectively. Also it did not induce DNA damge within the dose range of 0-80 mg/ml.The antimutagenic potencies of the water extracts of the same nine plants against the mutagenicity of 2-amino-3-methyl[4,5-f]quinine (IQ), benzo[a]pyrene (B[a]P), and 4-nitroquinoline-N-oxide (NQNO) to TA98 and TA100 were investigated. For IQ in TA98, Sec and Sol exhibited strong antimutagenic activity; Cra, Cor, Bas, and Ani exhibited moderate antimutagenic activity; Por, Bou, and Cen exhibited weak antimutagenic activity. For IQ in TA100, Sec and Sol exhibited strong antimutagenic activity; Cra, Bou, and Cor exhibited moderate antimutagenic activity; Por, Cen, Bas, and Ani exhibited weak antimutagenic activity. For B[a]P in TA98, Cra and Sec exhibited moderate antimutagenic activity; Cen exhibited weak antimutagenic activity; whereas Cor, Bas, and Ani showed no antimutagenicity, and Por, Bou, and Sol had marginal or no antimugenic activities. For B[a]P in TA100, Cra and Sol exhibited moderate antimutagenic activity; Por, Cor, and Ani exhibited weak antimutagenic activity; whereas Sec and Cen showed no effect, and Bou and Bas had marginal effect. All samples exhibited no inhibitory effect on mutagenicity of NQNO to TA98 and TA100, except the Sol showed strong antimutagenicity to NQNO in TA100. Moreover, the mutagenicity of NQNO toward TA100 was enhanced by Sec, Por, Bou, Cen, Bas, and Ani. The antimutagenic activity of water extracts of Sec reduced after heated at 100蚓 for 20 min. And we also found that heat-stable antimutagens were produced in the plant extract preparation process (homogenized, centrifuged, and freeze-dried). The water extract of Sec was preliminary fractionated with Amicon membrane filter. Fraction with molecular weight above 30000 showed strongest antimutagenic acticity for Sec. Sec contained both heat-labile and heat-stable antimutagens. The nature of the antimutagenic components was further evaluated and compared with their antimutagenic activity. The results suggest that peroxidase is the major antimutagenic component in Sec. In addition, polyphenols is one of the heat-stable antimutagens.Key words: non-traditionally edible plants, mutagenicity, antimutagenicity, toxicity, fractionation.