A Research into The Sino - Japanese System of Cultivating Qualfied Teachers

• Main Authors: Hu Chung-Hui, 胡中慧
• Other Authors: Chen Po-Tao
• Format: Others
• Language: zh-TW
• Published: 1995
• Online Access: http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/38069984801860462778

碩士 === 淡江大學 === 日本研究所 === 83 === Normal schools used to be the main institutes for teacher- cultivation,which have been maintaining a closed teacher- cultiv- ation system. However,the perfunctoriness and anachronism of the system has always being criticized,so the voices urging for ref- ormation has also being echoed repeatedly.Not until the promulg- ation of the "Teacher- Cultivation Act" had our country welcomed a breakthrough which would turn the original closed system into an open one. Japan also maintained a closed normal educational policy be- fore W.W. Ⅱ;normal schools were mainly public funded,elementary and secondary school teachers were trained separately,all stude- nts of normal schools had to undergo semi-military daily training which revealed the government''s severe control over teachers. After the War,the occupying Allies started to reform the Japanese educational system methodically.The U.S.sent a delegation of ed- ucational envoys to Japan for investigation, which made a report later and demanded that Japan had to put an open teacher-cultiv- ation system into practice;both public and private universety sh- ould be qualified for teacher- cultivation. The commencement of our normal education began in the late Ching dynasty;all the educational system,public-funded principle, compulsory service and the separate training systems for element- ary and secondary school teachers were all imitated from Japanese model has being lasted up to today. There are three characteristics in the newly promulgated"Tea- cher-Cultivation Act":First,all universities providing courses are allowed undertaking teacher-cultivation;Second,after finishing the four-year related courses,students are required to pass the initial check to acquire the qualification as teachers probation,then they will be qualified as formal ones only if they pass the final check;Third,the teacher-cultivation programs will be changed to mainly self-financed,but also partly government or scholarship financed.