| Summary: | 碩士 === 國立中興大學 === 園藝學系 === 83 === This study is conducted to investigate the morphology of
the apical meristems of six sinensis pears, twenty-five sand
pears, two pears, four Taiwan native pears and one hybrid pear.
The observation showed that the apical meristems of sinensis
pears, China sand pears, pears and evergreen pear were smaller,
NiauliA and hibrid pear were bigger. The higher survival
percentage were achieved when shoot tip explants of China sand
pears, Taiwan native pears and hybrid pear which cultured on
the paper bridge medium with 1/2MS containing 1 mg/l BA, 0.5 mg/
l kinetin, 0.2 mg/l IBA and 4 mg/l adenine sulfate for 30 days.
A smaller average size of bud were observed in sinensis pears,
pears and hybrid pears than other varieties. Additionally,
shoot tip explants was found to be the lowest in the average
fresh weight in sinensis pears. In the case of shoot
proliferation, the multiplication rate of the evergreen pear
was the highest among all, followed by NiauliA, NiauliB,
NiauliC, hybrid pear, sand pears, and pears is the lowest.
Sinensis and some Japanese sand pears could increase the shoot
multiplication by using double-phase medium culture. Axillary
shoots proliferation was increased when China sand pear
explants were cultured on MS with 0-0.1 mg/l of kinetin,
although 1-2 mg/l kinetin favored multiplication of explants
for Japanese sand pears. Minimal shoot elongation in vitro of
pear varieties, which cultured on MS with 0.5-2 mg/l GA were
obtained enchancment of shoot elongation. In rooting culture,
the bases of the microshoot were dipped in 200 ppm IBA solution
by 24 hours resulted in better rooting rate. In the case of
poor rooting, shoots were placed on a 1/2MS medium with 2 mg/l
NAA and incubated in darkness for 6 days, the propagules
transplanted to an auxin-free 1/2MS medium increased rooting
rate after 24 days.
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