The Study of Visitors'' Cognition on Recreational Impact

• Main Authors: Huang,Wom Jiun, 黃琬珺
• Other Authors: Yang,Wen Tsann
• Format: Others
• Language: zh-TW
• Published: 1995
• Online Access: http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/99424452223433854183

碩士 === 逢甲大學 === 土地管理研究所 === 83 === 1980 年代， 專家學者發展出可接受改變限度（ LAC ）及遊客衝擊管理 （ VIM ）模式來試圖解決日益嚴重的遊憩衝擊問題，並希能達到遊憩區 資源永續使用和遊客體驗滿足的目標。 然無論是 LAC 或 VIM 模式，其 均強調了在管理上須加入研究者、遊客等各方面的觀點，始能對症下藥 ； 因此這些模式必有一個假設的前題： 即研究者、經營者和遊客均對遊 憩衝擊有所認知，並能做出對衝擊程度是否為可接受的判斷。 本研究旨 在從遊客對遊憩衝擊認知存在與否及程度大小之假設為驗證主題著手， 來探討對前述 LAC 或 VIM 模式之理論基礎的可信度。本研究實證所得之 結論有： 1.遊客對遊憩區內的衝擊現象之認知， 依因素分析結果建立四 個衝擊指標因子， 分別為：（ 1 ）環境衝擊（ 2 ）設施衝擊（ 3 ）擁 擠（ 4 ）自然資源衝擊等四項。解釋變異量為 58.6 ﹪。 2.遊客特性（ 個人資料、過去經驗、旅遊特性、對資源評價）中， 教育程度、 活動地 點、參與活動團體、停留時間、造訪次數及對基地的印象６項均為影響遊 客對衝擊認知的顯著因子。 3.遊客對各項體驗之滿意度和對遊憩衝擊認 知程度間均呈負相關， 表示遊客對遊憩衝擊的認知情形， 的確會對其體 驗的滿意程度產生某種程度的負面影響。由此可知，LAC 與 VIM 之基本 假設在此實証中已得到證實，經營者可應用此二理論架構來協助其訂定衝 擊管理決策時之參考。 4.遊客之滿意度與其重遊的意願呈正相關， 唯對 「其他遊客行為」一項之滿意度與重遊意願無關。 可見遊客對其他遊客 之不當行為較不在意，此可能因台灣人口稠密， 遊憩區到處人山人海， 使得遊客對其他遊客的干擾行為或不當行為不足為奇而較能忍受。 5.造 訪次數在 5 次以上之遊客，其對中正露營區內的遊憩衝擊認知程度高， 反而滿意度亦為高，這表示有〝自我調適、合理化〞現象。 In 1980''s, experts and scholars had developed "Limits of Acceptable Change （ LAC ） " and "Visitor Impact Management （ VIM ） " models for solving the problems of recreational impacts, and hoped to fulfill two major management objectives--sustaintable resource use and statisfaction of visitors'' experiences. Both LAC and VIM models emphasize that any management decisions must involve viewpoints from researchers, visitors and managers. In this way, there must be a hypothesis for these models -- researchers, visitors and managers all can perceive recreational impact if any and can make judgment about the degree of impact which is acceptable. The purpose of this study was to examine the hypothesis of vistors'' cognition on recreational impact and explore some theoretical basis of LAC and VIM models. Major findings of this empirical study included: 1.Four indicators were reached in terms of visitors'' cognitions of recreational impact by Factor Analysis, they were: 1 ） impact on evironment; 2 ） impact on facilities; 3 ） crowdedness; and 4 ） impact on natural resources. Amount of variance explained was 58.6 ﹪. 2.There were six kind of Visitors'' characteristics: education, locations of activities, types of groups, length of stay, numbers of visits and the image of the area. 3.Visitors'' satisfaction were negtively related to their cognition of recreational imipact, Therefore, the hypothesis of LAC and VIM had been verified by this study. 4.Visitors'' satisfaction were positively related to their willingness of next visit to this area. 5.Visitors with repeated visits over over 5 times, were sensitive to recreational impact in the study area, but their satisfaction were relatively high,too.