麥克樂(CharlesHaroldMcCloy)對中國近代體育的影響（一九一三∼一九二六）

• Main Author: 王建臺
• Other Authors: 許義雄
• Format: Others
• Language: zh-TW
• Online Access: http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/82291006896776208209

碩士 === 國立體育學院 === 體育研究所 === 81 === 　　During the initial process of propagation and development of physical education in modern china, many people made a great deal of contribution both at home and abroad. of thise great contributors who exerted a profound influence, charles Harold Mccloy (1886-1959), an American who came to china to practice physical education, ranks first in importance. This study is aimedat the influence he exerted on modern chinese physical education during his thirteen years mateials and documents, supplemented by interviewing the people concerned and carrying on correspondence with them, I have come up with the following conclu-sions after sorting, verifying, analyzing, explicating, and criticizing the gathered historical materials and documents: 　　Charles Harold Mccloy came of a common family and was bereft of his father in his childhood. He worked as a cowboy while he was rather young. And he once was taught by sargent during a summer school in physical education at Harvard University. Before he came to china at thd invitation of the international YMCA in china, to promote the cause of physical education, he had taught at Yankton college; his thought originated from the intellectual current of natural physical education that prevailed at the turn of the century. 　　When Mccloy came to China for the first time, very prevalent in this country was the militaristic physical education that was predominated by the military physicsal exercise of the German or Japanese style. After his arrival in china, Mccloy did his best to promote American natural physical education. He underwent setbacks and ordeal during the process. However, through the vigorous efforts made by Mccloy and some of the people in physical education circles both at home and abroad, quite a lot was achived in physical education whether in schools or in society. Furthermore, after Mccloy came to China for the second time, natural physical education gradually took the place of militaristic physical education, owing to the efforts of Mccloy and others, as well as to the major tendency in the international environment, and became the mainstream of Chinese physical education thought at that time. Mccloy even went a step further by founding Physical Education Quarterly, serving as chairman of the national game section in the Chinese Education Improvement Society, editing physical education materials and setting teaching methods, and formulating testing, surveying and statiscal standards, so as to enable Western physical education to make further solid progress and take root in China. 　　As for Mccloy''s influence on modern Chinese physical education, inclusing putting to rights physical education in schools, promoting societal physical education, pushing physical education research, etc, most of it is acturally on the positive side. In the last analysis, though evaluation on Mccloy varies, my further investigation confirms that positive evaluation has become consensus. To sum up, evaluation of Mccloy''s promotion of modern Chinese physical education during his stay in China, his contribution to and influence on it, should be affirmed.