Financial Crisis, the International Monetary System and the Challenge of the Emerging Economies

Although in the debate over the current financial crisis there is a general agreement on the role played by foreign capital inflows into the United States —that, together with financial deregulation, allowed for an excessive increase of credit in that country—, we think that their importance has not...

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Main Author: Rojas, Jorge
Format: Others
Language:Español
Published: Economía 2012
Subjects:
Online Access:http://revistas.pucp.edu.pe/index.php/economia/article/view/2685/2629
http://repositorio.pucp.edu.pe/index/handle/123456789/118289
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spelling ndltd-PUCP-oai-tesis.pucp.edu.pe-123456789-1182892018-08-07T16:41:55Z Financial Crisis, the International Monetary System and the Challenge of the Emerging Economies Rojas, Jorge Crisis Financiera Sistema Monetario Países Emergentes Dilema de Triffin. Although in the debate over the current financial crisis there is a general agreement on the role played by foreign capital inflows into the United States —that, together with financial deregulation, allowed for an excessive increase of credit in that country—, we think that their importance has not been fully appreciated, in terms of their link with the asymmetrical organization of an international monetary system that uses the dollar as a reserve currency, and their relationship with the economic growth model adopted by the US over the last thirty years; this relied on increased expenditure on the part of credit-financed households in order to maintain its dynamism, while inflation was kept down by importing cheap foreign manufactures at the expense of the domestic sector’s profitability. We suggest here that the crisis was related to the impossibility of maintaining this economic growth pattern indefinitely, and that recovery will require a radical reform of the international monetary system, as well as a general increase in economic efficiency. Aunque en el debate sobre la actual crisis financiera se ha reconocido el rol jugado por el influjo de capitales extranjeros hacia Estados Unidos —el cual, conjuntamente con la desregulación financiera, hizo posible el crecimiento desmedido del crédito en ese país—, pensamos que aún no se ha reconocido la importancia de tal influjo, ni su conexión con la forma asimétrica como está organizado el actual sistema monetario internacional, ni tampoco su relación con el tipo de crecimiento adoptado por ese país en las últimas tres décadas, que pudo mantener su dinamismo gracias al aumento del gasto de los hogares financiado con crédito, y que mantuvo baja la inflación gracias a la importación de manufacturas baratas, al costo de ver caer la rentabilidad de su sector manufacturero. Sugerimos aquí que la crisis surge por la imposibilidad de llevar adelante ese tipo de crecimiento de manera indefinida y sin sobresaltos, y que una recuperación requerirá tanto una reforma radical del sistema monetario, como el aumento de la eficiencia económica a nivel mundial. 2012-06-18 2018-04-10T19:54:03Z 2018-04-10T19:54:03Z Artículo http://revistas.pucp.edu.pe/index.php/economia/article/view/2685/2629 http://repositorio.pucp.edu.pe/index/handle/123456789/118289 Español Artículo en acceso abierto Attribution 4.0 International https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ PDF Economía Economía; Vol. 34, Núm. 68 (2011); 9-32
collection NDLTD
language Español
format Others
sources NDLTD
topic Crisis Financiera
Sistema Monetario
Países Emergentes
Dilema de Triffin.
spellingShingle Crisis Financiera
Sistema Monetario
Países Emergentes
Dilema de Triffin.
Rojas, Jorge
Financial Crisis, the International Monetary System and the Challenge of the Emerging Economies
description Although in the debate over the current financial crisis there is a general agreement on the role played by foreign capital inflows into the United States —that, together with financial deregulation, allowed for an excessive increase of credit in that country—, we think that their importance has not been fully appreciated, in terms of their link with the asymmetrical organization of an international monetary system that uses the dollar as a reserve currency, and their relationship with the economic growth model adopted by the US over the last thirty years; this relied on increased expenditure on the part of credit-financed households in order to maintain its dynamism, while inflation was kept down by importing cheap foreign manufactures at the expense of the domestic sector’s profitability. We suggest here that the crisis was related to the impossibility of maintaining this economic growth pattern indefinitely, and that recovery will require a radical reform of the international monetary system, as well as a general increase in economic efficiency. === Aunque en el debate sobre la actual crisis financiera se ha reconocido el rol jugado por el influjo de capitales extranjeros hacia Estados Unidos —el cual, conjuntamente con la desregulación financiera, hizo posible el crecimiento desmedido del crédito en ese país—, pensamos que aún no se ha reconocido la importancia de tal influjo, ni su conexión con la forma asimétrica como está organizado el actual sistema monetario internacional, ni tampoco su relación con el tipo de crecimiento adoptado por ese país en las últimas tres décadas, que pudo mantener su dinamismo gracias al aumento del gasto de los hogares financiado con crédito, y que mantuvo baja la inflación gracias a la importación de manufacturas baratas, al costo de ver caer la rentabilidad de su sector manufacturero. Sugerimos aquí que la crisis surge por la imposibilidad de llevar adelante ese tipo de crecimiento de manera indefinida y sin sobresaltos, y que una recuperación requerirá tanto una reforma radical del sistema monetario, como el aumento de la eficiencia económica a nivel mundial.
author Rojas, Jorge
author_facet Rojas, Jorge
author_sort Rojas, Jorge
title Financial Crisis, the International Monetary System and the Challenge of the Emerging Economies
title_short Financial Crisis, the International Monetary System and the Challenge of the Emerging Economies
title_full Financial Crisis, the International Monetary System and the Challenge of the Emerging Economies
title_fullStr Financial Crisis, the International Monetary System and the Challenge of the Emerging Economies
title_full_unstemmed Financial Crisis, the International Monetary System and the Challenge of the Emerging Economies
title_sort financial crisis, the international monetary system and the challenge of the emerging economies
publisher Economía
publishDate 2012
url http://revistas.pucp.edu.pe/index.php/economia/article/view/2685/2629
http://repositorio.pucp.edu.pe/index/handle/123456789/118289
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