Examining trainee therapists' use of recommended counseling strategies for facilitating posttraumatic growth in psychotherapy with clients who have experienced trauma| A qualitative analysis

• Main Author: Alas, Renee Marie Sloane
• Language: EN
• Published: Pepperdine University 2017
• Subjects: Clinical psychology
• Online Access: http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10256960

<p> Posttraumatic growth (PTG) describes the experience of positive changes following one&rsquo;s struggle with trauma. Calhoun and Tedeschi (1999) recommended counseling strategies for how therapists may facilitate the process of PTG within psychotherapy with clients. Because the efficacy of these strategies had not yet been assessed empirically, this study sought to qualitatively explore their use by trainee therapists, an unstudied population in the PTG literature. A total of 9 videotaped psychotherapy sessions conducted with 5 clients at 2 community counseling centers were selected for analysis. Directed content analysis using a coding system developed for this study was employed to analyze therapist responses to clients&rsquo; discussions of trauma. Results indicated that the therapists in this study most commonly used responses consistent with Calhoun and Tedeschi&rsquo;s (1999) Recommendation #1 <i>Focus on Listening Without Trying to Solve</i>. Specifically, the most frequently used responses were <i>minimal encouraging</i> (<i>M</i> = 86.9, <i>SD</i> = 69.7), followed by <i>closed-ended questions about factual</i> information (M = 20.8, SD = 16.1) and <i>reflecting factual</i> information (<i>M</i> = 20.6, <i>SD</i> = 15.7) in both early and later sessions. Overall, therapists responded to <i> descriptions</i> of the clients&rsquo; traumatic events and <i> evaluative</i> content such as thoughts, beliefs, and attitudes about the traumatic event, more so than <i>affective</i> content such as one&rsquo;s feelings and emotions. Across participants, Recommendations #2, #3 and #4 were rarely used to promote growthful experiences among individuals suffering from trauma and adversity, and missed opportunities for growth were also identified by the researcher. As a result, this study offers additional recommendations to include in Calhoun and Tedeschi&rsquo;s (1999) counseling strategies for facilitating PTG, and speaks to the need for graduate clinical psychology programs to train students in facilitating client strengths and PTG following trauma.</p>