Catalytic and Photocatalytic Removal of Contaminants of Emerging Concerns (CECs) and Per-/Polyfluoroalkyl Substances (PFAS) from Wastewater Effluents for Water Reuse Applications

Catalytic and Photocatalytic Removal of Contaminants of Emerging Concerns (CECs) and Per-/Polyfluoroalkyl Substances (PFAS) from Wastewater Effluents for Water Reuse Applications

Bibliographic Details
Main Author: Abdelraheem, Wael H.M.
Language:English
Published: University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK 2020
Subjects:
Engineering
Advanced oxidation
Advanced reduction
contaminants of emerging concern
Perfluoroalkyl substances
Warer reuse
Degradation pathway
Online Access:http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1613751353837349
id ndltd-OhioLink-oai-etd.ohiolink.edu-ucin1613751353837349
record_format oai_dc
collection NDLTD
language English
sources NDLTD
topic Engineering
Advanced oxidation
Advanced reduction
contaminants of emerging concern
Perfluoroalkyl substances
Warer reuse
Degradation pathway
spellingShingle Engineering
Advanced oxidation
Advanced reduction
contaminants of emerging concern
Perfluoroalkyl substances
Warer reuse
Degradation pathway
Abdelraheem, Wael H.M.
Catalytic and Photocatalytic Removal of Contaminants of Emerging Concerns (CECs) and Per-/Polyfluoroalkyl Substances (PFAS) from Wastewater Effluents for Water Reuse Applications
author Abdelraheem, Wael H.M.
author_facet Abdelraheem, Wael H.M.
author_sort Abdelraheem, Wael H.M.
title Catalytic and Photocatalytic Removal of Contaminants of Emerging Concerns (CECs) and Per-/Polyfluoroalkyl Substances (PFAS) from Wastewater Effluents for Water Reuse Applications
title_short Catalytic and Photocatalytic Removal of Contaminants of Emerging Concerns (CECs) and Per-/Polyfluoroalkyl Substances (PFAS) from Wastewater Effluents for Water Reuse Applications
title_full Catalytic and Photocatalytic Removal of Contaminants of Emerging Concerns (CECs) and Per-/Polyfluoroalkyl Substances (PFAS) from Wastewater Effluents for Water Reuse Applications
title_fullStr Catalytic and Photocatalytic Removal of Contaminants of Emerging Concerns (CECs) and Per-/Polyfluoroalkyl Substances (PFAS) from Wastewater Effluents for Water Reuse Applications
title_full_unstemmed Catalytic and Photocatalytic Removal of Contaminants of Emerging Concerns (CECs) and Per-/Polyfluoroalkyl Substances (PFAS) from Wastewater Effluents for Water Reuse Applications
title_sort catalytic and photocatalytic removal of contaminants of emerging concerns (cecs) and per-/polyfluoroalkyl substances (pfas) from wastewater effluents for water reuse applications
publisher University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK
publishDate 2020
url http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1613751353837349
work_keys_str_mv AT abdelraheemwaelhm catalyticandphotocatalyticremovalofcontaminantsofemergingconcernscecsandperpolyfluoroalkylsubstancespfasfromwastewatereffluentsforwaterreuseapplications
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spelling ndltd-OhioLink-oai-etd.ohiolink.edu-ucin16137513538373492021-08-03T07:16:50Z Catalytic and Photocatalytic Removal of Contaminants of Emerging Concerns (CECs) and Per-/Polyfluoroalkyl Substances (PFAS) from Wastewater Effluents for Water Reuse Applications Abdelraheem, Wael H.M. Engineering Advanced oxidation Advanced reduction contaminants of emerging concern Perfluoroalkyl substances Warer reuse Degradation pathway <p>In this dissertation, solar light-activated nitrogen- and boron-codoped TiO<sub>2</sub> (NB-TiO<sub>2</sub>) and ZnO advanced oxidation processes (AOPs) were developed for the treatment of oxidation-sensitive contaminants of emerging concerns (CECs) in water. Moreover, ferrous sulfite (FeSO<sub>3</sub>) advanced reduction process (ARP) was developed for the degradation of reduction-sensitive CECs (e.g., PFAS) in water. NB-TiO<sub>2</sub> and ZnO nano-photocatalysts were synthesized by using simple hydrothermal methods, while FeSO<sub>3</sub> was prepared by precipitation in an aqueous medium. Three different NB:Ti were prepared and calcined at different temperatures, and their photocatalytic properties were compared. Four different wurtzite-type ZnO catalysts were synthesized via a green, hydrothermal approach. FeSO<sub>3</sub> was synthesized by precipitation from NaSO<sub>3</sub> and FeSO<sub>4</sub>.7H<sub>2</sub>O precursors in oxygen-free water. Texture and structure analysis was performed for the catalysts.</p><p>XPS results revealed N and B atoms were incorporated onto TiO<sub>2</sub> lattice via substitution of O and/or Ti, and interstitial incorporation mechanisms. Pristine and doped TiO<sub>2</sub> particles exhibited pure anatase structures according to XRD, HR-TEM, and simulation of selected area electron diffraction (SAED). 2.0NBT-350 (N+B= 2.0%, calcination= 350 <sup>o</sup>C) possessed the smallest particle size (12.9 nm), largest BET surface area (108.5 m<sup>2</sup>/g) and highest visible-light absorption (i.e., λ> 400 nm, effective band gap E<sub>g</sub>= 2.78 eV). ZnO catalyst resembled nano- to micro-sized needles/rods (150 – 750 nm). The wurtzite structure of ZnO was further confirmed by XRD analysis. According to XPS analysis, uncalcined ZnO showed higher oxygen vacancy content as compared to calcined ZnO. Iron sulfite material resembled very small, semi-spherical particles (i.e., 4-8 nm according to TEM analysis) aggregated in flake-like porous structure (i.e., dimensions of ca. 0.8 µm x 3.8 µm). XRD results comprised the characteristic diffraction peaks of Fe<sup>2+</sup> and SO<sub>3</sub><sup>2-</sup> in addition to appearance of new distinct peaks to FeSO<sub>3</sub>. XPS analysis confirmed the presence C, Fe, S, and O components in the material and revealed their identities were majorly Fe<sup>2+</sup> and SO<sub>3</sub><sup>2-</sup>.</p><p>The solar light/NB-TiO<sub>2</sub> AOP was evaluated for destruction of bisphenol A (BPA; plasticizer), ibuprofen (IBP; nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory pharmaceutical), triclosan (TCS; anti-bacterial personal care product), diclofenac (DCF; nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory pharmaceutical), and estrone (E1; a natural estrogenic female sex hormone). In case of ZnO-based AOP, tetracycline (TC) was used as a target contaminant. All these contaminants were spiked (individually or in the mixture) in deionized water and in several source wastewater, collected from the groundwater replenishment system GWRS (Orange County, CA, USA). Both AOPs exhibited superior, similar degradation efficiency for the targeted contaminants in clean water and wastewater effluents, for three consecutive degradation cycles. As for FeSO<sub>3</sub> ARP, the degradation of various per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) was successfully achieved in a short time, in water and wastewater effluents. Moreover, the mineralization of PFASs compounds into F and transformation/leaching of FeSO<sub>3</sub> were also revealed in the different systems. In all studies, byproducts from the degradation of contaminants were studied and accordingly degradation mechanisms and pathways were suggested.</p> 2020 English text University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1613751353837349 http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1613751353837349 restricted--full text unavailable until 2023-02-23 This thesis or dissertation is protected by copyright: all rights reserved. It may not be copied or redistributed beyond the terms of applicable copyright laws.

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