Exposure to Perfluoroalkyl Compounds and Resultant Effects on Cholesterol in the Mid Ohio River Valley
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University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK
2019
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ndltd-OhioLink-oai-etd.ohiolink.edu-ucin1554214756316072021-08-03T07:09:47Z Exposure to Perfluoroalkyl Compounds and Resultant Effects on Cholesterol in the Mid Ohio River Valley Herrick, Robert L. Epidemiology perfluorooctanoic acid PFOA cholesterol Ohio River Valley drinking water pharmacokinetic modeling Background: Perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) is a synthetic organofluoride used to make fluorotelomers for consumer products. Primary human routes of exposure are drinking water, food and house dusts. Industrial discharges to the Ohio River were associated with human exposure in Parkersburg, WV; Ohio River PFOA concentrations are elevated, suggesting residents living downstream were exposed. PFOA was associated with hypercholesteremia in occupational cohorts, exposed communities and national-level studies. Most studies are cross sectional; few have participant mean serum PFOA concentrations between 10-30ng/mL. Objectives: 1) Determine agreement between water consumption metrics used in the Breast Cancer and the Environment Research Project to identify the best method of assessing drinking water. 2) Quantify PFOA and other polyfluoroalkyl substances in Mid-Ohio River Valley resident sera collected between 1991 and 2013 and determine whether the Ohio River and Ohio River Aquifer are exposure sources. 3) Measure associations between PFOA and serum lipids in a subset of Fernald Community Cohort (FCC) participants exposed to PFOA through drinking water. Methods: Beverage consumption was assessed using 24-hour diet recalls and annual questionnaires. Covariate-adjusted beverage consumption and agreement between assessment metrics were measured using generalized linear models. Eleven polyfluoroalkyl substances were measured in 1608 sera from 931 participants. Serum PFOA concentration and water source associations were assessed using linear mixed-effects models; between-sample serum PFOA concentrations were estimated using one-compartment pharmacokinetics. Cross-sectional and longitudinal associations between serum PFOA and serum lipids were examined using mixed-effects models.Results: Consumption agreement across questionnaires was fair to moderate; agreement between questionnaires and recalls was poor to fair. Intake and beverage choices significantly differed with age, race/ethnicity, BMI and season. Water consumption increased with age, primarily due to increased cup size, not increased servings. 47% of participants had PFOA concentrations greater than US population 95th percentiles from NHANES. Serum PFOA was significantly associated with the Ohio River or Ohio River Aquifer as a water source. Pharmacokinetics suggested serum PFOA concentrations in participants were higher from 2000-2006. Serum PFOA was significantly associated with increased risk of hypercholesteremia, increased total and non-HDL cholesterol and the total cholesterol:HDL cholesterol ratio. Decreased HDL was significantly associated with increasing PFOA quintile cross-sectionally and longitudinally.Conclusions: Questionnaires measured beverage consumption better than diet recalls. Water consumption increased with age; current water consumption as a proxy for past consumption may introduce error in exposure assessments. Mid-Ohio River Valley residents were exposed to high levels of PFOA through drinking water from the Ohio River and Ohio River Aquifer. Industrial PFOA discharges to the Ohio River are likely the primary exposure source. These findings strongly suggest PFOA is hypercholesteremic in humans and may represent a dual risk of cardiovascular disease through increased non-HDL and decreased HDL cholesterol. 2019-06-10 English text University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin155421475631607 http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin155421475631607 unrestricted This thesis or dissertation is protected by copyright: all rights reserved. It may not be copied or redistributed beyond the terms of applicable copyright laws. |
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NDLTD |
| language |
English |
| sources |
NDLTD |
| topic |
Epidemiology perfluorooctanoic acid PFOA cholesterol Ohio River Valley drinking water pharmacokinetic modeling |
| spellingShingle |
Epidemiology perfluorooctanoic acid PFOA cholesterol Ohio River Valley drinking water pharmacokinetic modeling Herrick, Robert L. Exposure to Perfluoroalkyl Compounds and Resultant Effects on Cholesterol in the Mid Ohio River Valley |
| author |
Herrick, Robert L. |
| author_facet |
Herrick, Robert L. |
| author_sort |
Herrick, Robert L. |
| title |
Exposure to Perfluoroalkyl Compounds and Resultant Effects on Cholesterol in the Mid Ohio River Valley |
| title_short |
Exposure to Perfluoroalkyl Compounds and Resultant Effects on Cholesterol in the Mid Ohio River Valley |
| title_full |
Exposure to Perfluoroalkyl Compounds and Resultant Effects on Cholesterol in the Mid Ohio River Valley |
| title_fullStr |
Exposure to Perfluoroalkyl Compounds and Resultant Effects on Cholesterol in the Mid Ohio River Valley |
| title_full_unstemmed |
Exposure to Perfluoroalkyl Compounds and Resultant Effects on Cholesterol in the Mid Ohio River Valley |
| title_sort |
exposure to perfluoroalkyl compounds and resultant effects on cholesterol in the mid ohio river valley |
| publisher |
University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK |
| publishDate |
2019 |
| url |
http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin155421475631607 |
| work_keys_str_mv |
AT herrickrobertl exposuretoperfluoroalkylcompoundsandresultanteffectsoncholesterolinthemidohiorivervalley |
| _version_ |
1719455382352429056 |