Crawling without Wiggling: Muscular Mechanisms and Kinematics of Rectilinear Locomotion in Boa Constrictors
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| Language: | English |
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University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK
2017
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| Online Access: | http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin150512929603962 |
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ndltd-OhioLink-oai-etd.ohiolink.edu-ucin1505129296039622021-08-03T07:04:23Z Crawling without Wiggling: Muscular Mechanisms and Kinematics of Rectilinear Locomotion in Boa Constrictors Newman, Steven J. Biomechanics snake muscle electromyography movement skin Snakes use many different modes of locomotion depending on their speed and structure of environmental surfaces. Long ago, Gray and Lissmann’s pioneering use of frame-by-frame motion analysis facilitated defining four major modes of terrestrial snake locomotion that are still recognized. In common with nearly all limbless vertebrates, axial bending provides propulsion for three modes of snake locomotion, and the muscle activity responsible for this is known. By contrast, rectilinear locomotion can be performed with a straight body, and little is known about this mode beyond Lissmann’s work. We integrated electromyograms and kinematics of boa constrictors to test Lissmann’s hypotheses regarding the function of the costocutaneous superior (CCS) and inferior (CCI) muscles and the intrinsic cutaneous interscutalis (IS) muscle during rectilinear locomotion. The CCI muscles were active during static contact with the ground as they shortened and pulled the axial skeleton forward relative to both the ventral skin and the ground during the propulsive phase. The CCS muscles were active during sliding contact with the ground as they shortened and pulled the skin forward both relative to the axial skeleton and the ground during the recovery phase. Initial IS activity shortened the ventral skin, and subsequent isometric activity kept the skin shortened during most of static contact while overlapping extensively with CCI activity. The concentric activity of the CCI and CCS muscles supported Lissmann’s predictions. Contrary to Lissmann, the IS had prolonged isometric activity, and the brief time when it shortened was not consistent with providing propulsive force. 2017 English text University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin150512929603962 http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin150512929603962 unrestricted This thesis or dissertation is protected by copyright: some rights reserved. It is licensed for use under a Creative Commons license. Specific terms and permissions are available from this document's record in the OhioLINK ETD Center. |
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NDLTD |
| language |
English |
| sources |
NDLTD |
| topic |
Biomechanics snake muscle electromyography movement skin |
| spellingShingle |
Biomechanics snake muscle electromyography movement skin Newman, Steven J. Crawling without Wiggling: Muscular Mechanisms and Kinematics of Rectilinear Locomotion in Boa Constrictors |
| author |
Newman, Steven J. |
| author_facet |
Newman, Steven J. |
| author_sort |
Newman, Steven J. |
| title |
Crawling without Wiggling: Muscular Mechanisms and Kinematics of Rectilinear Locomotion in Boa Constrictors |
| title_short |
Crawling without Wiggling: Muscular Mechanisms and Kinematics of Rectilinear Locomotion in Boa Constrictors |
| title_full |
Crawling without Wiggling: Muscular Mechanisms and Kinematics of Rectilinear Locomotion in Boa Constrictors |
| title_fullStr |
Crawling without Wiggling: Muscular Mechanisms and Kinematics of Rectilinear Locomotion in Boa Constrictors |
| title_full_unstemmed |
Crawling without Wiggling: Muscular Mechanisms and Kinematics of Rectilinear Locomotion in Boa Constrictors |
| title_sort |
crawling without wiggling: muscular mechanisms and kinematics of rectilinear locomotion in boa constrictors |
| publisher |
University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK |
| publishDate |
2017 |
| url |
http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin150512929603962 |
| work_keys_str_mv |
AT newmanstevenj crawlingwithoutwigglingmuscularmechanismsandkinematicsofrectilinearlocomotioninboaconstrictors |
| _version_ |
1719453183477022720 |