The Implications of Nanoparticles on the Removal of Volatile Organic Compounds from Drinking Water by Activated Carbon
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University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK
2011
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| Online Access: | http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1321366798 |
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ndltd-OhioLink-oai-etd.ohiolink.edu-ucin13213667982021-08-03T06:15:05Z The Implications of Nanoparticles on the Removal of Volatile Organic Compounds from Drinking Water by Activated Carbon Salih, Hafiz H.M. Environmental Engineering Activated Carbon Adsorption Nanoparticles Trichloroethylene Humic Acid Rapid small scale column test The emergence of nano-science in scores of industrial and scientific developments has generated a concern for environmental impact as an immeasurable quantity of nanoparticles (NPs) is released into natural resources. The main objective of this study is to evaluate the impact of NPs on the effectiveness of granular activated carbon (GAC) adsorption of trichloroethylene (TCE). Three commercially available NPs were assessed: silica (SiO2), titanium dioxide (TiO2) and iron oxide (Fe2O3). The impact of these NPs on TCE adsorption was tested by conducting TCE adsorption isotherms, kinetics and column breakthrough studies in the presence and absence of the three NPs and humic acid (HA). Calgon filterasorb 400 (F-400) was the type of GAC used for the adsorption studies. Different NP concentrations have been considered in the presence and absence of 5 mg/L HA. Rapid small-scale column test (RSSCT) was assessed for its ability to predict TCE adsorption in pilot-scale GAC in the presence and absence of NPs. Measurements of zeta potential, the pH of point zero charge (pHpzc) and the particle size distribution of the three types of NPs were performed along with transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) analysis. The surface area and the pore size distribution of the virgin and the exhausted carbon were also obtained. Microwave acid digestion followed by inductively coupled plasma (ICP) analysis used to determine the NPs concentration in the influent and the effluent of the column. The fate and transport of the three NPs in the GAC fixed bed and their impact on TCE adsorption were found to be a function of their zeta potential, concentration, particle size distribution (PSD), and the nature of their aggregation. SiO2 NPs were found to be very stable in water due to the presence of the capping agent ethylene glycol which hindered SiO2 NPs from aggregating, while Fe2O3 and TiO2 NPs under investigation are not stable in water and rapidly form larger aggregates. Due to the fast adsorption kinetics of TCE, no impact of NPs was seen in batch studies (equilibrium and kinetic). However, during the breakthrough studies a weak electrostatic attraction was observed between the NPs and the GAC in the absence of HA. This attraction favors NPs attachment on the surface of GAC. NPs attachment onto GAC is manifested by a reduction in the amount of TCE adsorbed during the column breakthrough experiments suggesting a preloading pore blockage phenomenon. Similar trends were obtained from the RSSCTs conducted in the presence of NPs. The Presence of HA increased the negative charge of both GAC and NPs. This larger charge stabilized the NPs and generated a repulsive force between the GAC and the NPs. The amount of TCE removed in the kinetic and column experiments increased in the presence of HA. This is due to the adsorption of HA on the external surface of the GAC which increased the hydrophobicity of the GAC and altered the pores orientation causing more TCE to get trapped inside the GAC. 2011 English text University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1321366798 http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1321366798 unrestricted This thesis or dissertation is protected by copyright: some rights reserved. It is licensed for use under a Creative Commons license. Specific terms and permissions are available from this document's record in the OhioLINK ETD Center. |
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NDLTD |
| language |
English |
| sources |
NDLTD |
| topic |
Environmental Engineering Activated Carbon Adsorption Nanoparticles Trichloroethylene Humic Acid Rapid small scale column test |
| spellingShingle |
Environmental Engineering Activated Carbon Adsorption Nanoparticles Trichloroethylene Humic Acid Rapid small scale column test Salih, Hafiz H.M. The Implications of Nanoparticles on the Removal of Volatile Organic Compounds from Drinking Water by Activated Carbon |
| author |
Salih, Hafiz H.M. |
| author_facet |
Salih, Hafiz H.M. |
| author_sort |
Salih, Hafiz H.M. |
| title |
The Implications of Nanoparticles on the Removal of Volatile Organic Compounds from Drinking Water by Activated Carbon |
| title_short |
The Implications of Nanoparticles on the Removal of Volatile Organic Compounds from Drinking Water by Activated Carbon |
| title_full |
The Implications of Nanoparticles on the Removal of Volatile Organic Compounds from Drinking Water by Activated Carbon |
| title_fullStr |
The Implications of Nanoparticles on the Removal of Volatile Organic Compounds from Drinking Water by Activated Carbon |
| title_full_unstemmed |
The Implications of Nanoparticles on the Removal of Volatile Organic Compounds from Drinking Water by Activated Carbon |
| title_sort |
implications of nanoparticles on the removal of volatile organic compounds from drinking water by activated carbon |
| publisher |
University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK |
| publishDate |
2011 |
| url |
http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1321366798 |
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AT salihhafizhm theimplicationsofnanoparticlesontheremovalofvolatileorganiccompoundsfromdrinkingwaterbyactivatedcarbon AT salihhafizhm implicationsofnanoparticlesontheremovalofvolatileorganiccompoundsfromdrinkingwaterbyactivatedcarbon |
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