Pacific Triumvirate: Great Britain, the Empire of Japan, and the United States of America and the Geo-Strategic Environment around the Pacific Rim between 1900 and 1920
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The Ohio State University / OhioLINK
2020
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ndltd-OhioLink-oai-etd.ohiolink.edu-osu15888517794917782021-09-02T05:10:39Z Pacific Triumvirate: Great Britain, the Empire of Japan, and the United States of America and the Geo-Strategic Environment around the Pacific Rim between 1900 and 1920 Curzon, Daniel PM History Triangular Relationship Great Britain Japan United States Diplomatic Military Naval Maritime Grand Strategy I argue that the relationship among Great Britain, Japan, and the United States between 1900 and 1920 resembles an informal triumvirate that maintained geo-strategic stability around the Pacific Rim. Those countries’ foreign policymakers routinely considered how their actions would impact the others and affect the geo-strategic balance in East Asia. Great Britain often proved the counterweight to balance tensions between the United States and Japan – two rising powers with sometimes conflicting goals in the region. When potential conflicts arose, those nations’ leaders favored diplomatic means of resolving the tensions.The triumvirate began to coalesce during the late 1890s as crises erupted in China. After the Boxer War, Great Britain and Japan entered into a formal alliance with one another, while the United States pressed for an Open Door policy in China. Despite differing interpretations of the Open Door Policy, the three countries’ leaders all agreed on its importance. With shared interests in mind, American and British leaders supported Japan’s war against Russia. Afterwards, Great Britain and Japan re-affirmed their alliance, and American and British leaders sought more amiable relations as tensions between them in the Western Hemisphere abated.The triumvirate experienced its first major crisis in 1906-1907 when Japan and the United States butted heads over immigration, resulting in a war scare. Although they averted conflict, Great Britain’s increasing focus on Europe jeopardized the fragile balance in Asia. With fewer Pacific competitors, Japanese political coalitions pulled their state’s foreign policy in different directions, resulting in increased tensions among the three powers. Various political leaders, though, aimed to settle that turbulence, and during and after World War I the three nations sought a new Pacific power-balance. Eventually, they formalized their relationship through the three treaties enacted by Washington Naval Conference of 1921-1922. Despite geo-strategic rivalry in the Far East between 1900 and 1920, cooperation among the informal triumvirate of Great Britain, Japan, and the United States prevented the outbreak of conflict among them. This research highlights how war among the three nations, which eventually erupted in 1941, was not inevitable in spite of competing interests, concerns over prestige, and ever-present fears over the balance of power in the Pacific. 2020 English text The Ohio State University / OhioLINK http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1588851779491778 http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1588851779491778 restricted--full text unavailable until 2025-08-02 This thesis or dissertation is protected by copyright: all rights reserved. It may not be copied or redistributed beyond the terms of applicable copyright laws. |
| collection |
NDLTD |
| language |
English |
| sources |
NDLTD |
| topic |
History Triangular Relationship Great Britain Japan United States Diplomatic Military Naval Maritime Grand Strategy |
| spellingShingle |
History Triangular Relationship Great Britain Japan United States Diplomatic Military Naval Maritime Grand Strategy Curzon, Daniel PM Pacific Triumvirate: Great Britain, the Empire of Japan, and the United States of America and the Geo-Strategic Environment around the Pacific Rim between 1900 and 1920 |
| author |
Curzon, Daniel PM |
| author_facet |
Curzon, Daniel PM |
| author_sort |
Curzon, Daniel PM |
| title |
Pacific Triumvirate: Great Britain, the Empire of Japan, and the United States of America and the Geo-Strategic Environment around the Pacific Rim between 1900 and 1920 |
| title_short |
Pacific Triumvirate: Great Britain, the Empire of Japan, and the United States of America and the Geo-Strategic Environment around the Pacific Rim between 1900 and 1920 |
| title_full |
Pacific Triumvirate: Great Britain, the Empire of Japan, and the United States of America and the Geo-Strategic Environment around the Pacific Rim between 1900 and 1920 |
| title_fullStr |
Pacific Triumvirate: Great Britain, the Empire of Japan, and the United States of America and the Geo-Strategic Environment around the Pacific Rim between 1900 and 1920 |
| title_full_unstemmed |
Pacific Triumvirate: Great Britain, the Empire of Japan, and the United States of America and the Geo-Strategic Environment around the Pacific Rim between 1900 and 1920 |
| title_sort |
pacific triumvirate: great britain, the empire of japan, and the united states of america and the geo-strategic environment around the pacific rim between 1900 and 1920 |
| publisher |
The Ohio State University / OhioLINK |
| publishDate |
2020 |
| url |
http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1588851779491778 |
| work_keys_str_mv |
AT curzondanielpm pacifictriumvirategreatbritaintheempireofjapanandtheunitedstatesofamericaandthegeostrategicenvironmentaroundthepacificrimbetween1900and1920 |
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