Nature versus Nurture: The Influence of Phylogenetic Relatedness, Origin, and Environment on Native and Introduced Woody Shrubs in the Eastern United States
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2018
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ndltd-OhioLink-oai-etd.ohiolink.edu-osu15345217421189892021-08-03T07:08:18Z Nature versus Nurture: The Influence of Phylogenetic Relatedness, Origin, and Environment on Native and Introduced Woody Shrubs in the Eastern United States Pieterson, Elisabeth Corrie Ecology invasive species congeners Lonicera Rosa multiflora germination competition establishment Intentional and unintentional species introductions have led to biological invasions with impacts on native ecosystems worldwide. This problem has motivated decades of research on the species traits and environmental conditions that lead to biological invasions. Despite these efforts, consistently predictive principles to explain invasions remain elusive. In the following chapters, I report on research of native and invasive congener species which differ in their abundance but share a similar evolutionary history. Comparing native and invasive congeners with each other, and with a more phylogenetically distant invasive species, facilitates distinguishing traits associated with invasions from those associated with phylogenetic similarity. Specifically, I examined variation in native<i> Lonicera candensis</i>, invasive <i>Lonicera maackii</i>, and invasive <i>Rosa multiflora</i> relative to the processes of germination, competitive interactions, and species establishment.I found that phylogenetic similarity was a better predictor of species responses than native or introduced status. In a growth chamber experiment with controlled temperature and photoperiod regimes, native and introduced <i>Lonicera</i> both had higher germination rates than introduced <i>R. multiflora</i>, but the <i>Lonicera</i> congeners differed in their timing of germination response. In a greenhouse experiment, invasive <i>L. maackii</i> was not strongly affected by intraspecific or interspecific competition, and its response to competition with <i>R. multiflora</i> was similar to its response in the field. In the field experiment, establishment patterns of native and introduced <i>Lonicera</i> were more similar to each other than they were to <i>R. multiflora</i> establishment. These studies indicate that introduced <i>L. maackii</i> behaves more similarly to its native congener than a less closely related introduced species.These results provide insight into the factors that contribute to the invasiveness of <i>L. maackii</i>. In particular, the relatively rapid germination response to favorable conditions allows <i>L. maackii</i> to exploit resources early in the growing season when few competitors are present. Additionally, total germination varied considerably among seed sources representing different <i>L. maackii</i> individuals, suggesting that the presence of many reproductive individuals may be necessary before this species can become invasive at a given site. The similar establishment patterns of native and introduced <i>Lonicera</i>, which indicated slow growth in early stages compared to <i>R. multiflora</i>, suggest that site conditions and the presence of other invasive species may preclude subsequent invasions. Collectively, these studies demonstrate the utility of congeners to study biological invasions, and the importance of considering environmental context, including the presence of other invasive species. 2018 English text The Ohio State University / OhioLINK http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1534521742118989 http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1534521742118989 unrestricted This thesis or dissertation is protected by copyright: all rights reserved. It may not be copied or redistributed beyond the terms of applicable copyright laws. |
| collection |
NDLTD |
| language |
English |
| sources |
NDLTD |
| topic |
Ecology invasive species congeners Lonicera Rosa multiflora germination competition establishment |
| spellingShingle |
Ecology invasive species congeners Lonicera Rosa multiflora germination competition establishment Pieterson, Elisabeth Corrie Nature versus Nurture: The Influence of Phylogenetic Relatedness, Origin, and Environment on Native and Introduced Woody Shrubs in the Eastern United States |
| author |
Pieterson, Elisabeth Corrie |
| author_facet |
Pieterson, Elisabeth Corrie |
| author_sort |
Pieterson, Elisabeth Corrie |
| title |
Nature versus Nurture: The Influence of Phylogenetic Relatedness, Origin, and Environment on Native and Introduced Woody Shrubs in the Eastern United States |
| title_short |
Nature versus Nurture: The Influence of Phylogenetic Relatedness, Origin, and Environment on Native and Introduced Woody Shrubs in the Eastern United States |
| title_full |
Nature versus Nurture: The Influence of Phylogenetic Relatedness, Origin, and Environment on Native and Introduced Woody Shrubs in the Eastern United States |
| title_fullStr |
Nature versus Nurture: The Influence of Phylogenetic Relatedness, Origin, and Environment on Native and Introduced Woody Shrubs in the Eastern United States |
| title_full_unstemmed |
Nature versus Nurture: The Influence of Phylogenetic Relatedness, Origin, and Environment on Native and Introduced Woody Shrubs in the Eastern United States |
| title_sort |
nature versus nurture: the influence of phylogenetic relatedness, origin, and environment on native and introduced woody shrubs in the eastern united states |
| publisher |
The Ohio State University / OhioLINK |
| publishDate |
2018 |
| url |
http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1534521742118989 |
| work_keys_str_mv |
AT pietersonelisabethcorrie natureversusnurturetheinfluenceofphylogeneticrelatednessoriginandenvironmentonnativeandintroducedwoodyshrubsintheeasternunitedstates |
| _version_ |
1719454534860800000 |