Studies of Halide Perovskites CsPbX<sub>3</sub>, RbPbX<sub>3</sub> (X=Cl<sup>-</sup>, Br<sup>-</sup>, I<sup>-</sup>), and Their Solid Solutions

Studies of Halide Perovskites CsPbX<sub>3</sub>, RbPbX<sub>3</sub> (X=Cl<sup>-</sup>, Br<sup>-</sup>, I<sup>-</sup>), and Their Solid Solutions

Bibliographic Details
Main Author: Linaburg, Matthew Ronald
Language:English
Published: The Ohio State University / OhioLINK 2015
Subjects:
Inorganic Chemistry
Chemistry
Materials Science
perovskite
crystallography
cubic
orthorhombic
tetragonal
band gap
bond angle
lattice parameters
xrd refinement
XRD
variable temperature XRD
halide
chloride
bromide
rubidium
cesium
lead
diffractogram
powder XRD
solid solution
Online Access:http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1449074303
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spelling ndltd-OhioLink-oai-etd.ohiolink.edu-osu14490743032021-08-03T06:34:09Z Studies of Halide Perovskites CsPbX<sub>3</sub>, RbPbX<sub>3</sub> (X=Cl<sup>-</sup>, Br<sup>-</sup>, I<sup>-</sup>), and Their Solid Solutions Linaburg, Matthew Ronald Inorganic Chemistry Chemistry Materials Science perovskite crystallography cubic orthorhombic tetragonal perovskite band gap bond angle lattice parameters xrd refinement XRD variable temperature XRD halide chloride bromide rubidium cesium lead diffractogram powder XRD solid solution Halide perovskites have garnered much attention in recent years as a potential material for photovoltaics, semiconductors, transparent conductors, thermistors, and electromagnetic radiation detectors. Lead halide perovskites with the formula APbX<sub>3</sub>, where A = Cs<sup>+</sup> and X = Cl<sup>-</sup>, Br<sup>-</sup>, or I<sup>-</sup> have been shown to adopt a distorted perovskite structure (space group Pnma) with desirable band gaps and electronic properties for photovoltaic and detector applications. Experiments were conducted herein to better understand the stability limit of the lead halide perovskite structure through A-site substitution with a smaller Rb<sup>+</sup> ion. Variable X-ray powder diffraction measurements were used to identify and characterize perovskite phase transitions at elevated temperatures for RbPbCl<sub>3</sub>, RbPbBr<sub>3</sub>, and RbPbI<sub>3</sub>, all of which form non-perovskite compounds at room temperature. Solid solutions Rb<sub>(x)</sub>Cs<sub>(1-x)</sub>PbCl<sub>3</sub> and Rb<sub>(x)</sub>Cs<sub>(1-x)</sub>PbBr<sub>3</sub> were synthesized as a means to stabilize the high temperature perovskite phases observed in the variable temperature experiments, and to further study the effects of octahedral tilting on the band gap of the compound. The RbPbX<sub>3</sub> (X = Cl<sup>-</sup>, Br<sup>-</sup>, and I<sup>-</sup>) phases do not form as perovskites at room temperature, but RbPbCl<sub>3</sub> and RbPbBr<sub>3</sub> undergo phase transitions to perovskite structures at higher temperature. RbPbCl<sub>3</sub> transitions first at 320 °C to a tetragonally distorted perovskite structure (space group P4/mbm) then to the cubic perovskite structure (space group Pm-3m) at 340 °C. RbPbBr<sub>3</sub> also undergoes two phase transitions, first to an orthorhombically distorted perovskite structure (space group Pnma) at 250 °C then to a tetragonally distorted perovskite structure (space group P4/mbm) at 350 °C. Solid solutions of Rb<sub>(x)</sub>Cs<sub>(1-x)</sub>PbCl<sub>3</sub> and Rb<sub>(x)</sub>Cs<sub>(1-x)</sub>PbBr<sub>3</sub> resulted in a orthorhombic perovskite structure (space group Pnma) at room temperature. The orthorhombic distortion increased as the Rb<sup>+</sup> content increased, due to increased tilting of the lead-centered octahedra. For the Cl<sup>-</sup> solid solution, the perovskite structure was retained for Rb<sup>+</sup> substitution up to a value of x = 0.9, while for the Br<sup>-</sup> solid solutions a perovskite structure could be obtained up to x = 0.6. As the Rb<sup>+</sup> substitution increases, the band gap of the compound increases. The band gap of the Rb<sub>(x)</sub>Cs<sub>(1-x)</sub>PbCl<sub>3</sub> (x = 0 - 0.6) solid solution increases from 2.97 eV to 3.08 eV, while the Rb<sub>(x)</sub>Cs<sub>(1-x)</sub>PbBr<sub>3</sub> solid solutions increases from 2.13 eV to 2.30 eV across the same x = 0 - 0.6 range. The increase is a result of greater octahedral distortions, which were characterized by measuring the Pb-X-Pb bond angles. 2015 English text The Ohio State University / OhioLINK http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1449074303 http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1449074303 unrestricted This thesis or dissertation is protected by copyright: some rights reserved. It is licensed for use under a Creative Commons license. Specific terms and permissions are available from this document's record in the OhioLINK ETD Center.
collection NDLTD
language English
sources NDLTD
topic Inorganic Chemistry
Chemistry
Materials Science
perovskite
crystallography
cubic
orthorhombic
tetragonal
perovskite
band gap
bond angle
lattice parameters
xrd refinement
XRD
variable temperature XRD
halide
chloride
bromide
rubidium
cesium
lead
diffractogram
powder XRD
solid solution
spellingShingle Inorganic Chemistry
Chemistry
Materials Science
perovskite
crystallography
cubic
orthorhombic
tetragonal
perovskite
band gap
bond angle
lattice parameters
xrd refinement
XRD
variable temperature XRD
halide
chloride
bromide
rubidium
cesium
lead
diffractogram
powder XRD
solid solution
Linaburg, Matthew Ronald
Studies of Halide Perovskites CsPbX<sub>3</sub>, RbPbX<sub>3</sub> (X=Cl<sup>-</sup>, Br<sup>-</sup>, I<sup>-</sup>), and Their Solid Solutions
author Linaburg, Matthew Ronald
author_facet Linaburg, Matthew Ronald
author_sort Linaburg, Matthew Ronald
title Studies of Halide Perovskites CsPbX<sub>3</sub>, RbPbX<sub>3</sub> (X=Cl<sup>-</sup>, Br<sup>-</sup>, I<sup>-</sup>), and Their Solid Solutions
title_short Studies of Halide Perovskites CsPbX<sub>3</sub>, RbPbX<sub>3</sub> (X=Cl<sup>-</sup>, Br<sup>-</sup>, I<sup>-</sup>), and Their Solid Solutions
title_full Studies of Halide Perovskites CsPbX<sub>3</sub>, RbPbX<sub>3</sub> (X=Cl<sup>-</sup>, Br<sup>-</sup>, I<sup>-</sup>), and Their Solid Solutions
title_fullStr Studies of Halide Perovskites CsPbX<sub>3</sub>, RbPbX<sub>3</sub> (X=Cl<sup>-</sup>, Br<sup>-</sup>, I<sup>-</sup>), and Their Solid Solutions
title_full_unstemmed Studies of Halide Perovskites CsPbX<sub>3</sub>, RbPbX<sub>3</sub> (X=Cl<sup>-</sup>, Br<sup>-</sup>, I<sup>-</sup>), and Their Solid Solutions
title_sort studies of halide perovskites cspbx<sub>3</sub>, rbpbx<sub>3</sub> (x=cl<sup>-</sup>, br<sup>-</sup>, i<sup>-</sup>), and their solid solutions
publisher The Ohio State University / OhioLINK
publishDate 2015
url http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1449074303
work_keys_str_mv AT linaburgmatthewronald studiesofhalideperovskitescspbxsub3subrbpbxsub3subxclsupsupbrsupsupisupsupandtheirsolidsolutions
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