Biomechanical Effects of Component Alignment Variability in Total Knee Arthroplasty: A Computer Simulation Study of an Oxford Rig

Biomechanical Effects of Component Alignment Variability in Total Knee Arthroplasty: A Computer Simulation Study of an Oxford Rig

Bibliographic Details
Main Author: Lemke, Sean Paul
Language:English
Published: The Ohio State University / OhioLINK 2012
Subjects:
Mechanical Engineering
orthopedics
total knee arthroplasty
TKA
computer simulation
Online Access:http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1338305228
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spelling ndltd-OhioLink-oai-etd.ohiolink.edu-osu13383052282021-08-03T06:05:17Z Biomechanical Effects of Component Alignment Variability in Total Knee Arthroplasty: A Computer Simulation Study of an Oxford Rig Lemke, Sean Paul Mechanical Engineering orthopedics total knee arthroplasty TKA computer simulation <p>Success in total knee arthroplasty (TKA) depends on several factors including the patient’s pre-operative condition, sex, and proper post-operative rehabilitation, but perhaps the most crucial factor is proper component alignment. Alignment of the femoral and tibial components in TKA is highly variable due to difficulty in identifying anatomical landmarks and debate on how the components should be aligned. The purpose of this thesis was to examine the biomechanical effects of the variability in femoral and tibial component alignment in the three anatomical planes. This was done using a forward-dynamic computer model of an Oxford Rig device with a cruciate-retaining version of the Scorpio implant from Stryker Orthopaedics digitally implanted. The Oxford Rig has 6 degrees of freedom at the knee and simulates flexed knee stance, which is similar to what occurs during functional activities such as riding a bicycle or climbing stairs.</p><p>In order to examine the relationship between femoral and tibial component alignment and knee biomechanics, we ran three rounds of simulations: changing the alignment of one component in one plane, changing alignment of both components in one plane, and changing the alignment of one component in multiple planes. The effects of component alignment were examined on patellofemoral kinematics and contact force, tibiofemoral kinematics and contact force, ligament forces, and quadriceps force. The alignment of the femoral component in the transverse plane had the greatest effect on a majority of the variables of interest including patellofemoral and tibiofemoral kinematics, contact forces, and MCL force. Frontal plane alignment of the femoral and tibial component impacts the forces in both collateral ligaments in early flexion. Sagittal plane alignment of the tibial component has the greatest effect on the PCL. Alignment of the femoral component in the sagittal plane has the greatest effect on quadriceps force.</p> <p>The results of the simulations were used to develop mathematical models that can be used to describe effects of changing component alignment at a given knee flexion angle. In order to develop these equations, best fit polynomials were found for the curves of the variable of interest with respect to knee flexion angle. The polynomial coefficients were then regressed against component alignments. These mathematical models were developed to make the information found using the Oxford Rig simulation more accessible.</p> <p>Our findings suggest that variability in component alignment, especially transverse plane alignment of the femoral component and frontal plane alignment of both components, can impact post-operative performance. This thesis highlights the importance for properly establishing the rotational alignment of the femoral and tibial components in TKA.</p> 2012-06-25 English text The Ohio State University / OhioLINK http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1338305228 http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1338305228 unrestricted This thesis or dissertation is protected by copyright: all rights reserved. It may not be copied or redistributed beyond the terms of applicable copyright laws.
collection NDLTD
language English
sources NDLTD
topic Mechanical Engineering
orthopedics
total knee arthroplasty
TKA
computer simulation
spellingShingle Mechanical Engineering
orthopedics
total knee arthroplasty
TKA
computer simulation
Lemke, Sean Paul
Biomechanical Effects of Component Alignment Variability in Total Knee Arthroplasty: A Computer Simulation Study of an Oxford Rig
author Lemke, Sean Paul
author_facet Lemke, Sean Paul
author_sort Lemke, Sean Paul
title Biomechanical Effects of Component Alignment Variability in Total Knee Arthroplasty: A Computer Simulation Study of an Oxford Rig
title_short Biomechanical Effects of Component Alignment Variability in Total Knee Arthroplasty: A Computer Simulation Study of an Oxford Rig
title_full Biomechanical Effects of Component Alignment Variability in Total Knee Arthroplasty: A Computer Simulation Study of an Oxford Rig
title_fullStr Biomechanical Effects of Component Alignment Variability in Total Knee Arthroplasty: A Computer Simulation Study of an Oxford Rig
title_full_unstemmed Biomechanical Effects of Component Alignment Variability in Total Knee Arthroplasty: A Computer Simulation Study of an Oxford Rig
title_sort biomechanical effects of component alignment variability in total knee arthroplasty: a computer simulation study of an oxford rig
publisher The Ohio State University / OhioLINK
publishDate 2012
url http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1338305228
work_keys_str_mv AT lemkeseanpaul biomechanicaleffectsofcomponentalignmentvariabilityintotalkneearthroplastyacomputersimulationstudyofanoxfordrig
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