Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone System (RAAS) and Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Adrenal Axis (HPAA) in Critically Ill Foals

Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone System (RAAS) and Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Adrenal Axis (HPAA) in Critically Ill Foals

Bibliographic Details
Main Author: Dembek, Katarzyna Agnieszka
Language:English
Published: The Ohio State University / OhioLINK 2012
Subjects:
Biology
Endocrinology
Veterinary Services
sepsis
foal
adrenal insufficiency
aldosterone
Online Access:http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1337797078
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spelling ndltd-OhioLink-oai-etd.ohiolink.edu-osu13377970782021-08-03T06:05:02Z Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone System (RAAS) and Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Adrenal Axis (HPAA) in Critically Ill Foals Dembek, Katarzyna Agnieszka Biology Endocrinology Veterinary Services sepsis foal adrenal insufficiency aldosterone Sepsis is a major cause of morbidity and mortality in neonatal foals. Dysfunction of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis (HPAA), manifested as relative adrenal insufficiency (RAI), has been associated with sepsis in newborn foals. Information on the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) is minimal in healthy or sick foals. The HPAA and RAAS are interactive systems, and a relationship between RAAS activation and RAI is well documented in critically ill children, but limited information exists in septic foals. We hypothesized that in critically ill septic newborn foals the RAAS and HPAA will be activated by systemic inflammation and hypoperfusion and the degree of activation will be associated with severity of sepsis and mortality. For this project, 167 (study 1) and 182 (study 2) sick and healthy foals of less than 7 days of age were included. Blood samples were collected on admission from septic (sepsis score >12), sick non-septic (SNS), and healthy foals. Blood concentrations of cortisol, aldosterone, angiotensin-II (ANG-II), corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH), arginine vasopressin (AVP), adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) and plasma renin activity were determined by immunoassays.Aldosterone, ANG-II, ACTH and cortisol concentrations were higher in septic compared to healthy foals (P<0.05). AVP was higher and CRH was lower in septic than healthy foals. Septic foals had higher ACTH/aldosterone and ACTH/cortisol ratios than healthy foals (P<0.05). No differences in plasma renin activity were found.Sepsis activates RAAS and HPAA in newborn foals. RAAS activation in critically ill foals is characterized by increased aldosterone and ANG-II concentrations. Low CRH concentrations in septic foals were an unexpected finding. We propose that AVP (not CRH) is the main ACTH releasing-hormone in critically ill foals. Septic foals demonstrated adrenocortical exhaustion with high ACTH/cortisol and ACTH/aldosterone ratios, indicating that RAI is not restricted to the zona fasciculata, but also involves the zona glomerulosa. 2012-06-22 English text The Ohio State University / OhioLINK http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1337797078 http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1337797078 unrestricted This thesis or dissertation is protected by copyright: all rights reserved. It may not be copied or redistributed beyond the terms of applicable copyright laws.
collection NDLTD
language English
sources NDLTD
topic Biology
Endocrinology
Veterinary Services
sepsis
foal
adrenal insufficiency
aldosterone
spellingShingle Biology
Endocrinology
Veterinary Services
sepsis
foal
adrenal insufficiency
aldosterone
Dembek, Katarzyna Agnieszka
Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone System (RAAS) and Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Adrenal Axis (HPAA) in Critically Ill Foals
author Dembek, Katarzyna Agnieszka
author_facet Dembek, Katarzyna Agnieszka
author_sort Dembek, Katarzyna Agnieszka
title Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone System (RAAS) and Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Adrenal Axis (HPAA) in Critically Ill Foals
title_short Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone System (RAAS) and Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Adrenal Axis (HPAA) in Critically Ill Foals
title_full Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone System (RAAS) and Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Adrenal Axis (HPAA) in Critically Ill Foals
title_fullStr Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone System (RAAS) and Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Adrenal Axis (HPAA) in Critically Ill Foals
title_full_unstemmed Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone System (RAAS) and Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Adrenal Axis (HPAA) in Critically Ill Foals
title_sort renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (raas) and hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis (hpaa) in critically ill foals
publisher The Ohio State University / OhioLINK
publishDate 2012
url http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1337797078
work_keys_str_mv AT dembekkatarzynaagnieszka reninangiotensinaldosteronesystemraasandhypothalamicpituitaryadrenalaxishpaaincriticallyillfoals
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