STUDIES ON TURKEY PARVOVIRUSES
| Main Author: | |
|---|---|
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
The Ohio State University / OhioLINK
2012
|
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1331123690 |
| id |
ndltd-OhioLink-oai-etd.ohiolink.edu-osu1331123690 |
|---|---|
| record_format |
oai_dc |
| spelling |
ndltd-OhioLink-oai-etd.ohiolink.edu-osu13311236902021-08-03T06:04:48Z STUDIES ON TURKEY PARVOVIRUSES Murgia, Maria Vittoria Virology Turkey parvovirus belongs to the family Parvoviridae, subfamily Parvovirinae, genus parvovirus. It was identified in turkeys with enteritis for the first time in 1983. Since then there were no further reports on turkey parvovirus in the United States (US) until 2008 when Zsak et al. determined the partial sequence of the non structural (NS) gene of chicken and turkey parvoviruses and then in 2009 developed a PCR which was used to test fecal samples collected from various US states. A high prevalence of parvoviruses was detected by PCR in that study; however there was no information on the health status of the flocks from which the samples were collected. Moreover, there is no information regarding the pathogenesis of turkey parvoviruses and their involvement in the enteric diseases of poultry. The objectives of our studies were:1. To determine the prevalence of parvovirus in various US states in different years2. To determine the presence of other viruses in turkey poults in conjunction with parvoviruses 3. To develop a sensitive diagnostic assay for the detection of turkey parvoviruses in fecal samples4. To determine the pathogenicity of parvovirus in SPF turkey poults.Intestinal content, feces or litter samples collected between 2000 and 2010 in four different states (Virginia, North Carolina, Pennsylvania, and Ohio) were used to address the first two objectives. Those samples were tested for parvovirus and other enteric viruses using PCR and RT-PCR with previously published primers and also with transmission electron microscopy. The overall prevalence of parvovirus (71.5%) was comparable with the previous studies. In our study, we had samples collected from birds of a wider age range and we compared the prevalence of parvoviruses in two age groups, 1-7 weeks and 8-19 weeks of age. We found that although parvovirus was widespread in both age groups, a significantly higher prevalence was detected in the older birds. Moreover, in the majority of the cases, parvovirus was detected in conjunction with other enteric viruses, such as astrovirus, reovirus and rotavirus. To support future surveillance and research, we develop Real-Time PCR test targeting a conserved region of the NS gene. This test showed the same analytical sensitivity and specificity compared to conventional PCR test and good intra and inter-assay repeatability. Moreover, it was shown to detect parvovirus’ DNA in field fecal samples. The real-time PCR is faster and it is possible to quantify the DNA which are advantages compared to the conventional PCR. Since we were not able to purify parvovirus, we determine the pathogenesis of parvovirus in combination with astrovirus and compare the outcome to that of astrovirus alone. In two different in vivo trials using 2-4 week-old SPF turkeys, we observed early replication of astrovirus in intestine and the parvovirus was detected in later time points when astrovirus shedding decreased. Our study shows potential viral interference among different enteric viruses and also shed light into the persistence or higher prevalence of parvovirus in turkeys of older ages in the field compared to astrovirus. 2012-06-19 English text The Ohio State University / OhioLINK http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1331123690 http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1331123690 unrestricted This thesis or dissertation is protected by copyright: all rights reserved. It may not be copied or redistributed beyond the terms of applicable copyright laws. |
| collection |
NDLTD |
| language |
English |
| sources |
NDLTD |
| topic |
Virology |
| spellingShingle |
Virology Murgia, Maria Vittoria STUDIES ON TURKEY PARVOVIRUSES |
| author |
Murgia, Maria Vittoria |
| author_facet |
Murgia, Maria Vittoria |
| author_sort |
Murgia, Maria Vittoria |
| title |
STUDIES ON TURKEY PARVOVIRUSES |
| title_short |
STUDIES ON TURKEY PARVOVIRUSES |
| title_full |
STUDIES ON TURKEY PARVOVIRUSES |
| title_fullStr |
STUDIES ON TURKEY PARVOVIRUSES |
| title_full_unstemmed |
STUDIES ON TURKEY PARVOVIRUSES |
| title_sort |
studies on turkey parvoviruses |
| publisher |
The Ohio State University / OhioLINK |
| publishDate |
2012 |
| url |
http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1331123690 |
| work_keys_str_mv |
AT murgiamariavittoria studiesonturkeyparvoviruses |
| _version_ |
1719430521187991552 |