Effects of Elevated CO<sub>2</sub> on Growth, Development, Nutrient Concentration and Insect Performance of Plants Grown at Sub-Optimal Temperature
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The Ohio State University / OhioLINK
2011
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ndltd-OhioLink-oai-etd.ohiolink.edu-osu12996031012021-08-03T06:01:44Z Effects of Elevated CO<sub>2</sub> on Growth, Development, Nutrient Concentration and Insect Performance of Plants Grown at Sub-Optimal Temperature Rodriguez, Wilmer Mauricio Horticulture Petunia Zinnia CRF Fertility Pest Management Whitefly Bemisia Energy Savings Growth Chamber Greenhouse The effect of elevated CO<sub>2</sub> on growth, development, nutrient concentration and insect performance was evaluated in petunias (<i>Petunia</i>×<i>hybrida</i> Vilm.) and zinnias (<i>Zinnia elegans</i> L.) grown at sub-optimal air temperature. Elevated (700 µmol·mol<sup>-1</sup>) and ambient (390 µmol·mol<sup>-1</sup>) CO<sub>2</sub> concentrations were used to grow plants in chambers and greenhouse environments using a recommended “optimal” (21 °C) and a sub-optimal (3 °C lower than optimal) air temperature. Controlled Release Fertilizer (CRF) was used at low and high rates to test the effect of CO<sub>2</sub> and temperature on plant nutrition. Whiteflies (<i>Bemisia tabaci</i> Gen.) were infested on plants to evaluate oviposition and nymph development. The growth chamber study revealed that petunias and zinnias grown at elevated CO<sub>2</sub> were shorter than plants at low CO<sub>2</sub> levels. High fertility increased plant dry weight for both crops. While the number of flowers in zinnias was increased with high fertility, flower longevity and time to flower were not affected. On the other hand, higher number of flowers, longer flower longevity and shorter time to flower was observed in petunias grown at high CO<sub>2</sub> and sub-optimal temperature. N, K, Ca, Mg, S and C were not affected by either CO<sub>2</sub> or temperature treatments, whereas P had higher concentrations in petunias grown at low CO<sub>2</sub> with optimal temperature. However, in zinnias, Mg was the only nutrient affected by CO<sub>2</sub> levels. In the greenhouse study, higher plant dry weights and heights were measured with high fertility in petunias but not in zinnias. The number of flowers increased for both crops while the longevity and time to flower decreased for petunias and remained unchanged for zinnias with the high fertility treatment. Nutrient concentrations in petunias were not affected by the CO<sub>2</sub>/temperature combination whereas in zinnias an increase in C/N ratio was observed. While early mortality of whiteflies infested on petunias caused insufficient data to evaluate insect performance, zinnia’s growth was negatively affected by the presence of insects. Whiteflies’ oviposition rate was reduced and nymph developmental time increased by sub-optimal temperature at both chamber and greenhouse studies. It has been demonstrated with this study that the combination of CO<sub>2</sub> enrichment and a slight reduction in air temperature may not compromise plant quality and scheduling. Furthermore, positive results in terms of pest management and fertilization can be achieved. 2011-03-21 English text The Ohio State University / OhioLINK http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1299603101 http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1299603101 unrestricted This thesis or dissertation is protected by copyright: all rights reserved. It may not be copied or redistributed beyond the terms of applicable copyright laws. |
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NDLTD |
| language |
English |
| sources |
NDLTD |
| topic |
Horticulture Petunia Zinnia CRF Fertility Pest Management Whitefly Bemisia Energy Savings Growth Chamber Greenhouse |
| spellingShingle |
Horticulture Petunia Zinnia CRF Fertility Pest Management Whitefly Bemisia Energy Savings Growth Chamber Greenhouse Rodriguez, Wilmer Mauricio Effects of Elevated CO<sub>2</sub> on Growth, Development, Nutrient Concentration and Insect Performance of Plants Grown at Sub-Optimal Temperature |
| author |
Rodriguez, Wilmer Mauricio |
| author_facet |
Rodriguez, Wilmer Mauricio |
| author_sort |
Rodriguez, Wilmer Mauricio |
| title |
Effects of Elevated CO<sub>2</sub> on Growth, Development, Nutrient Concentration and Insect Performance of Plants Grown at Sub-Optimal Temperature |
| title_short |
Effects of Elevated CO<sub>2</sub> on Growth, Development, Nutrient Concentration and Insect Performance of Plants Grown at Sub-Optimal Temperature |
| title_full |
Effects of Elevated CO<sub>2</sub> on Growth, Development, Nutrient Concentration and Insect Performance of Plants Grown at Sub-Optimal Temperature |
| title_fullStr |
Effects of Elevated CO<sub>2</sub> on Growth, Development, Nutrient Concentration and Insect Performance of Plants Grown at Sub-Optimal Temperature |
| title_full_unstemmed |
Effects of Elevated CO<sub>2</sub> on Growth, Development, Nutrient Concentration and Insect Performance of Plants Grown at Sub-Optimal Temperature |
| title_sort |
effects of elevated co<sub>2</sub> on growth, development, nutrient concentration and insect performance of plants grown at sub-optimal temperature |
| publisher |
The Ohio State University / OhioLINK |
| publishDate |
2011 |
| url |
http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1299603101 |
| work_keys_str_mv |
AT rodriguezwilmermauricio effectsofelevatedcosub2subongrowthdevelopmentnutrientconcentrationandinsectperformanceofplantsgrownatsuboptimaltemperature |
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